CO excitation of normal star forming galaxies out to z= 1.5 as regulated by the properties of their interstellar medium
Emanuele Daddi,Helmut Dannerbauer,Daizhong Liu,Daizhong Liu,Manuel Aravena,Frédéric Bournaud,Fabian Walter,Dominik A. Riechers,Georgios E. Magdis,Mark Sargent,Matthieu Béthermin,Chris Carilli,Anna Cibinel,Mark Dickinson,David Elbaz,Yu Gao,Raphael Gobat,Raphael Gobat,Jacqueline Hodge,Melanie Krips +19 more
TLDR
In this article, the authors investigated the CO excitation of normal (near-IR selected BzK) disk galaxies at z = 1.5 using IRAM Plateau de Bure observations of the CO[2-1], CO[3-2], and CO[5-4] transitions for four galaxies, including VLA observations of CO[1-0] for three of them, with the aim of constraining the average state of H2 gas.Abstract:
We investigate the CO excitation of normal (near-IR selected BzK) star-forming (SF) disk galaxies at z = 1.5 using IRAM Plateau de Bure observations of the CO[2-1], CO[3-2], and CO[5-4] transitions for four galaxies, including VLA observations of CO[1-0] for three of them, with the aim of constraining the average state of H2 gas. By exploiting previous knowledge of the velocity range, spatial extent, and size of the CO emission, we measure reliable line fluxes with a signal-to-noise ratio >4-7 for individual transitions. While the average CO spectral line energy distribution (SLED) has a subthermal excitation similar to the Milky Way (MW) up to CO[3-2], we show that the average CO[5-4] emission is four times stronger than assuming MW excitation. This demonstrates that there is an additional component of more excited, denser, and possibly warmer molecular gas. The ratio of CO[5-4] to lower-J CO emission is lower than in local (ultra-)luminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) and high-redshift starbursting submillimeter galaxies, however, and appears to be closely correlated with the average intensity of the radiation field and with the star formation surface density, but not with the star formation efficiency. The luminosity of the CO[5-4] transition is found to be linearly correlated with the bolometric infrared luminosity over four orders of magnitudes. For this transition, z = 1.5 BzK galaxies follow the same linear trend as local spirals and (U)LIRGs and high-redshift star-bursting submillimeter galaxies. The CO[5-4] luminosity is thus empirically related to the dense gas and might be a more convenient way to probe it than standard high-density tracers that are much fainter than CO. We see excitation variations among our sample galaxies that can be linked to their evolutionary state and clumpiness in optical rest-frame images. In one galaxy we see spatially resolved excitation variations, where the more highly excited part of the galaxy corresponds to the location of massive SF clumps. This provides support to models that suggest that giant clumps are the main source of the high-excitation CO emission in high-redshift disk-like galaxies. © ESO, 2015.read more
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PHIBSS: Unified Scaling Relations of Gas Depletion Time and Molecular Gas Fractions
Linda J. Tacconi,Reinhard Genzel,Amélie Saintonge,Francoise Combes,Santiago García-Burillo,Roberto Neri,Alberto D. Bolatto,Thierry Contini,N. M. Förster Schreiber,Simon J. Lilly,Dieter Lutz,Stijn Wuyts,Gioacchino Accurso,Jérémie Boissier,Frédéric Boone,Nicolas Bouché,Frédéric Bournaud,Andreas Burkert,M. Carollo,Michael C. Cooper,Pierre Cox,Chiara Feruglio,Jonathan Freundlich,Jonathan Freundlich,Rodrigo Herrera-Camus,Stéphanie Juneau,Magdalena Lippa,Thorsten Naab,Alvio Renzini,P. Salome,Amiel Sternberg,Ken-ichi Tadaki,H. Übler,Fabian Walter,Benjamin J. Weiner,Achim Weiss +35 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the scaling relation between galaxy-integrated molecular gas masses, stellar masses, and star formation rates (SFRs), in the framework of the star formation main sequence (MS), with the main goal of testing for possible systematic effects.
HERACLES: The HERA CO-Line Extragalactic Survey
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed a method to find the minimum number of stars in the UHRA data set, which is not available in the data set available in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
ALMA spectroscopic survey in the Hubble ultra deep field: survey description
Fabian Walter,Fabian Walter,Fabian Walter,Roberto Decarli,Manuel Aravena,Chris Carilli,Chris Carilli,Rychard Bouwens,Elisabete da Cunha,Elisabete da Cunha,Emanuele Daddi,Rob Ivison,Rob Ivison,Dominik Riechers,Ian Smail,Mark Swinbank,Axel Weiss,Timo Anguita,Timo Anguita,Roberto J. Assef,Roland Bacon,Franz E. Bauer,Franz E. Bauer,Franz E. Bauer,Eric F. Bell,Frank Bertoldi,Scott Chapman,Luis Colina,Paulo C. Cortes,Pierre Cox,Mark Dickinson,David Elbaz,Jorge González-López,Edo Ibar,Hanae Inami,Leopoldo Infante,Jacqueline Hodge,Alex Karim,Olivier Le Fevre,Benjamin Magnelli,Roberto Neri,Pascal Oesch,Kazuaki Ota,Gergö Popping,Hans-Walter Rix,Mark Sargent,Kartik Sheth,Arjen van der Wel,Paul van der Werf,Jeff Wagg +49 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the rationale for and the observational description of ASPECS: the ALMA SPECtroscopic Survey in the Hubble Ultra-Deep Field (UDF), the cosmological deep field that has the deepest multi-wavelength data available.
Journal ArticleDOI
PHIBSS: Unified Scaling Relations of Gas Depletion Time and Molecular Gas Fractions
Linda J. Tacconi,Reinhard Genzel,Amélie Saintonge,Francoise Combes,Santiago García-Burillo,Roberto Neri,Alberto D. Bolatto,Thierry Contini,N. M. Förster Schreiber,Simon J. Lilly,Dieter Lutz,Stijn Wuyts,Gioacchino Accurso,Jérémie Boissier,Frédéric Boone,Nicolas Bouché,Frédéric Bournaud,Andreas Burkert,M. Carollo,Michael C. Cooper,Pierre Cox,Chiara Feruglio,Jonathan Freundlich,Jonathan Freundlich,Rodrigo Herrera-Camus,Stéphanie Juneau,Magdalena Lippa,Thorsten Naab,Alvio Renzini,P. Salome,Amiel Sternberg,Ken-ichi Tadaki,H. Übler,Fabian Walter,Benjamin J. Weiner,Achim Weiss +35 more
TL;DR: Genzel et al. as mentioned in this paper provided an update of their previous scaling relations between galaxy integrated molecular gas masses, stellar masses and star formation rates, in the framework of the star formation main-sequence (MS), with the main goal to test for possible systematic effects.
Journal ArticleDOI
The [C II] emission as a molecular gas mass tracer in galaxies at low and high redshifts
A. Zanella,Emanuele Daddi,Georgios E. Magdis,T. Diaz Santos,D. Cormier,Daizhong Liu,Anna Cibinel,R. Gobat,R. Gobat,Mark Dickinson,Mark Sargent,Gergö Popping,S. C. Madden,Matthieu Béthermin,Thomas M. Hughes,Francesco Valentino,Wiphu Rujopakarn,Wiphu Rujopakarn,Wiphu Rujopakarn,Maurilio Pannella,Frédéric Bournaud,Fabian Walter,Tao Wang,D. Elbaz,R. T. Coogan,R. T. Coogan +25 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present ALMA Band 9 observations of the [C II]158um emission for a sample of 10 main-sequence galaxies at redshift z = 2, with typical stellar masses (log M*/Msun ~ 100 - 109) and star formation rates (~ 35 - 115 Msun/yr) given the strong and well understood evolution of the interstellar medium.
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