Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation.
Daniel Wrapp,Nianshuang Wang,Kizzmekia S. Corbett,Jory A. Goldsmith,Ching-Lin Hsieh,Olubukola M. Abiona,Barney S. Graham,Jason S. McLellan +7 more
TLDR
The authors show that this protein binds at least 10 times more tightly than the corresponding spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)–CoV to their common host cell receptor, and test several published SARS-CoV RBD-specific monoclonal antibodies found that they do not have appreciable binding to 2019-nCoV S, suggesting that antibody cross-reactivity may be limited between the two RBDs.Abstract:
The outbreak of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) represents a pandemic threat that has been declared a public health emergency of international concern. The CoV spike (S) glycoprotein is a key target for vaccines, therapeutic antibodies, and diagnostics. To facilitate medical countermeasure development, we determined a 3.5-angstrom-resolution cryo-electron microscopy structure of the 2019-nCoV S trimer in the prefusion conformation. The predominant state of the trimer has one of the three receptor-binding domains (RBDs) rotated up in a receptor-accessible conformation. We also provide biophysical and structural evidence that the 2019-nCoV S protein binds angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) with higher affinity than does severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV S. Additionally, we tested several published SARS-CoV RBD-specific monoclonal antibodies and found that they do not have appreciable binding to 2019-nCoV S, suggesting that antibody cross-reactivity may be limited between the two RBDs. The structure of 2019-nCoV S should enable the rapid development and evaluation of medical countermeasures to address the ongoing public health crisis.read more
Citations
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The SARS-COV-2 Spike Protein Binds Sialic Acids, and Enables Rapid Detection in a Lateral Flow Point of Care Diagnostic Device
Alexander N. Baker,Sarah-Jane Richards,Collette S. Guy,Thomas R. Congdon,Muhammad Hasan,Alexander James Zwetsloot,Angelo Gallo,Józef R. Lewandowski,Phillip J. Stansfeld,Anne Straube,Marc Walker,Simona Chessa,Giulia Pergolizzi,Simone Dedola,Robert A. Field,Robert A. Field,Matthew I. Gibson +16 more
TL;DR: A glyconanoparticle platform is used to discover that N-acetyl neuraminic acid has affinity toward the SARS-COV-2 spike glycoprotein, demonstrating its glycan-binding function and the potential of this system as a low-cost detection platform.
Journal ArticleDOI
COVID-19-associated coagulopathy: An exploration of mechanisms.
Meaghan Colling,Yogendra Kanthi +1 more
TL;DR: It is hypothesized that an imbalance between coagulation and inflammation may result in a hypercoagulable state in patients with COVID-19 and that hemostatic imbalances may contribute to the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Role of Adipocytes and Adipocyte-Like Cells in the Severity of COVID-19 Infections.
TL;DR: It is argued that adipocytes and adipocyte‐like cells, such as pulmonary lipofibroblasts, may play an important role in the pathogenic response to SARS‐CoV‐2 and proposed to probe for the clinical response to thiazolidinediones, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ agonists that are well‐known antidiabetic drugs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of Oxidative Stress on SARS-CoV (SARS) and SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Infection: A Review.
Shanzay Suhail,Jonathan W. P. Zajac,Carl J. Fossum,Harrison Lowater,Cailin McCracken,Nathaniel J Severson,Bethany Laatsch,Alex Narkiewicz-Jodko,Benjamin Johnson,Jessica Liebau,Sudeep Bhattacharyya,Sanchita Hati +11 more
TL;DR: The possible influence of antioxidants and redox proteins, such as NADPH and glutathione and protein disulfide isomerase, on the binding of viral protein with the host cell angiotensin-converting enzyme II receptor protein as well as on the severity of COVID-19 infection was discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sustainable Personal Protective Clothing for Healthcare Applications: A Review.
Nazmul Karim,Shaila Afroj,Kate Lloyd,Laura Clarke Oaten,Daria V. Andreeva,Chris Carr,Andrew D. Farmery,Il-Doo Kim,Kostya S. Novoselov +8 more
TL;DR: There remains a clear unmet need for coordinating the actions and efforts from scientists, engineers, manufacturers, suppliers, and regulatory bodies to develop and produce safe and effective protective clothing using the technologies that are locally available around the world.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China
Chaolin Huang,Yeming Wang,Xingwang Li,Lili Ren,Jianping Zhao,Yi Hu,Li Zhang,Guohui Fan,Jiuyang Xu,Xiaoying Gu,Zhenshun Cheng,Ting Yu,Jia'an Xia,Yuan Wei,Wenjuan Wu,Xuelei Xie,Wen Yin,Li Hui,Min Liu,Yan Xiao,Hong Gao,Li Guo,Jungang Xie,Guang-Fa Wang,Rongmeng Jiang,Zhancheng Gao,Qi Jin,Jianwei Wang,Bin Cao +28 more
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UCSF Chimera--a visualization system for exploratory research and analysis.
Eric F. Pettersen,Thomas D. Goddard,Conrad C. Huang,Gregory S. Couch,Daniel M. Greenblatt,Elaine C. Meng,Thomas E. Ferrin +6 more
TL;DR: Two unusual extensions are presented: Multiscale, which adds the ability to visualize large‐scale molecular assemblies such as viral coats, and Collaboratory, which allows researchers to share a Chimera session interactively despite being at separate locales.
Journal ArticleDOI
Coot: model-building tools for molecular graphics.
Paul Emsley,Kevin Cowtan +1 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin
Peng Zhou,Xing-Lou Yang,Xian Guang Wang,Ben Hu,Lei Zhang,Wei Zhang,Hao Rui Si,Yan Zhu,Bei Li,Chao Lin Huang,Hui-Dong Chen,Jing Chen,Yun Luo,Hua Guo,Ren Di Jiang,Meiqin Liu,Ying Chen,Xu Rui Shen,Xi Wang,Xiao Shuang Zheng,Kai Zhao,Quanjiao Chen,Fei Deng,Lin Lin Liu,Bing Yan,Fa Xian Zhan,Yan-Yi Wang,Gengfu Xiao,Zhengli Shi +28 more
TL;DR: Identification and characterization of a new coronavirus (2019-nCoV), which caused an epidemic of acute respiratory syndrome in humans in Wuhan, China, and it is shown that this virus belongs to the species of SARSr-CoV, indicates that the virus is related to a bat coronav virus.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study
Nanshan Chen,Min Zhou,Xuan Dong,Jie-Ming Qu,Fengyun Gong,Yang Han,Yang Qiu,Jingli Wang,Ying Liu,Yuan Wei,Jia'an Xia,Ting Yu,Xinxin Zhang,Li Zhang +13 more
TL;DR: Characteristics of patients who died were in line with the MuLBSTA score, an early warning model for predicting mortality in viral pneumonia, and further investigation is needed to explore the applicability of the Mu LBSTA scores in predicting the risk of mortality in 2019-nCoV infection.
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