Cryo-EM structure of the 2019-nCoV spike in the prefusion conformation.
Daniel Wrapp,Nianshuang Wang,Kizzmekia S. Corbett,Jory A. Goldsmith,Ching-Lin Hsieh,Olubukola M. Abiona,Barney S. Graham,Jason S. McLellan +7 more
TLDR
The authors show that this protein binds at least 10 times more tightly than the corresponding spike protein of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)–CoV to their common host cell receptor, and test several published SARS-CoV RBD-specific monoclonal antibodies found that they do not have appreciable binding to 2019-nCoV S, suggesting that antibody cross-reactivity may be limited between the two RBDs.Abstract:
The outbreak of a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) represents a pandemic threat that has been declared a public health emergency of international concern. The CoV spike (S) glycoprotein is a key target for vaccines, therapeutic antibodies, and diagnostics. To facilitate medical countermeasure development, we determined a 3.5-angstrom-resolution cryo-electron microscopy structure of the 2019-nCoV S trimer in the prefusion conformation. The predominant state of the trimer has one of the three receptor-binding domains (RBDs) rotated up in a receptor-accessible conformation. We also provide biophysical and structural evidence that the 2019-nCoV S protein binds angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) with higher affinity than does severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV S. Additionally, we tested several published SARS-CoV RBD-specific monoclonal antibodies and found that they do not have appreciable binding to 2019-nCoV S, suggesting that antibody cross-reactivity may be limited between the two RBDs. The structure of 2019-nCoV S should enable the rapid development and evaluation of medical countermeasures to address the ongoing public health crisis.read more
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Circular RNA vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and emerging variants
Liang Qu,Zong Yi Yi,Yong Shen,Liangru Lin,Feng Chen,Yiyuan Xu,Zeguang Wu,H. Tang,Xiaoxue Zhang,Feng Tian,Chunhui Wang,Xia Xiao,Xiaojing Dong,Li Guo,Shuaiyao Lu,Chen Yang,Cong Tang,Yun jeong Yang,Wenhai Yu,Junbin Wang,Yanan Zhou,Q. Huang,Ayijiang Yisimayi,Shuo Liu,Weijin Huang,Yunlong Cao,Youchun Wang,Zhuo Zhou,Xiaozhong Peng,Jianwei Wang,Xiaoliang Sunney Xie,Wensheng Wei +31 more
TL;DR: In this paper , a circular RNA (circRNA) vaccine that elicited potent neutralizing antibodies and T cell responses by expressing the trimeric RBD of the spike protein, providing robust protection against SARS-CoV-2 in both mice and rhesus macaques.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mask use during COVID-19: A risk adjusted strategy.
TL;DR: Transmission routes of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are illustrated and controversies surrounding the mask are addressed from perspectives of attitude, effectiveness, and necessity of wearing the mask.
Journal ArticleDOI
COVID-19 infection in children.
Ian Sinha,Ian Sinha,Rachel Harwood,Malcolm G Semple,Daniel B Hawcutt,Rebecca Thursfield,Omendra Narayan,Simon E. Kenny,Russell Viner,Simon C Langton Hewer,Kevin W Southern +10 more
TL;DR: Families with children with chronic respiratory illness have been encouraged to be more proactive with measures that reduce the chances of acquiring COVID-19, but decisions to undertake social distancing are complex and difficult with profound implications for the family and the young person if they are removed from education unnecessarily.
Journal ArticleDOI
Sars-CoV-2 Envelope and Membrane Proteins: Structural Differences Linked to Virus Characteristics?
Martina Bianchi,Domenico Benvenuto,Marta Giovanetti,Silvia Angeletti,Massimo Ciccozzi,Stefano Pascarella +5 more
TL;DR: High structural similarity of Envelope and Membrane proteins to the counterparts from Pangolin and Bat coronavirus isolates is reported, however, the comparisons have also highlighted structural differences specific of Sars-CoV-2 proteins which may be correlated to the cross-species transmission and/or to the properties of the virus.
Journal ArticleDOI
An In Vitro Microneutralization Assay for SARS-CoV-2 Serology and Drug Screening.
Fatima Amanat,Kris M. White,Lisa Miorin,Shirin Strohmeier,Meagan McMahon,Philip Meade,Wen-Chun Liu,Randy A. Albrecht,Viviana Simon,Luis Martinez-Sobrido,Thomas M. Moran,Adolfo García-Sastre,Florian Krammer +12 more
TL;DR: A microneutralization assay is described, which can be used to assess in a quantitative manner if antibodies or drugs can block entry and/or replication of SARS‐CoV‐2 in vitro.
References
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Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China
Chaolin Huang,Yeming Wang,Xingwang Li,Lili Ren,Jianping Zhao,Yi Hu,Li Zhang,Guohui Fan,Jiuyang Xu,Xiaoying Gu,Zhenshun Cheng,Ting Yu,Jia'an Xia,Yuan Wei,Wenjuan Wu,Xuelei Xie,Wen Yin,Li Hui,Min Liu,Yan Xiao,Hong Gao,Li Guo,Jungang Xie,Guang-Fa Wang,Rongmeng Jiang,Zhancheng Gao,Qi Jin,Jianwei Wang,Bin Cao +28 more
TL;DR: The epidemiological, clinical, laboratory, and radiological characteristics and treatment and clinical outcomes of patients with laboratory-confirmed 2019-nCoV infection in Wuhan, China, were reported.
Journal ArticleDOI
UCSF Chimera--a visualization system for exploratory research and analysis.
Eric F. Pettersen,Thomas D. Goddard,Conrad C. Huang,Gregory S. Couch,Daniel M. Greenblatt,Elaine C. Meng,Thomas E. Ferrin +6 more
TL;DR: Two unusual extensions are presented: Multiscale, which adds the ability to visualize large‐scale molecular assemblies such as viral coats, and Collaboratory, which allows researchers to share a Chimera session interactively despite being at separate locales.
Journal ArticleDOI
Coot: model-building tools for molecular graphics.
Paul Emsley,Kevin Cowtan +1 more
TL;DR: CCP4mg is a project that aims to provide a general-purpose tool for structural biologists, providing tools for X-ray structure solution, structure comparison and analysis, and publication-quality graphics.
Journal ArticleDOI
A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin
Peng Zhou,Xing-Lou Yang,Xian Guang Wang,Ben Hu,Lei Zhang,Wei Zhang,Hao Rui Si,Yan Zhu,Bei Li,Chao Lin Huang,Hui-Dong Chen,Jing Chen,Yun Luo,Hua Guo,Ren Di Jiang,Meiqin Liu,Ying Chen,Xu Rui Shen,Xi Wang,Xiao Shuang Zheng,Kai Zhao,Quanjiao Chen,Fei Deng,Lin Lin Liu,Bing Yan,Fa Xian Zhan,Yan-Yi Wang,Gengfu Xiao,Zhengli Shi +28 more
TL;DR: Identification and characterization of a new coronavirus (2019-nCoV), which caused an epidemic of acute respiratory syndrome in humans in Wuhan, China, and it is shown that this virus belongs to the species of SARSr-CoV, indicates that the virus is related to a bat coronav virus.
Journal ArticleDOI
Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 99 cases of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in Wuhan, China: a descriptive study
Nanshan Chen,Min Zhou,Xuan Dong,Jie-Ming Qu,Fengyun Gong,Yang Han,Yang Qiu,Jingli Wang,Ying Liu,Yuan Wei,Jia'an Xia,Ting Yu,Xinxin Zhang,Li Zhang +13 more
TL;DR: Characteristics of patients who died were in line with the MuLBSTA score, an early warning model for predicting mortality in viral pneumonia, and further investigation is needed to explore the applicability of the Mu LBSTA scores in predicting the risk of mortality in 2019-nCoV infection.
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