Ecological and molecular characterization of a coral black band disease outbreak in the Red Sea during a bleaching event.
Ghaida Hadaidi,Maren Ziegler,Amanda Shore-Maggio,Thor Jensen,Greta S. Aeby,Christian R. Voolstra +5 more
TLDR
The data suggest that BBD represents a global coral disease with predictable etiology, and provides a baseline assessment of BBD disease prevalence in the Red Sea, a still understudied region.Abstract:
Black Band Disease (BBD) is a widely distributed and destructive coral disease that has been studied on a global scale, but baseline data on coral diseases is missing from many areas of the Arabian Seas. Here we report on the broad distribution and prevalence of BBD in the Red Sea in addition to documenting a bleaching-associated outbreak of BBD with subsequent microbial community characterization of BBD microbial mats at this reef site in the southern central Red Sea. Coral colonies with BBD were found at roughly a third of our 22 survey sites with an overall prevalence of 0.04%. Nine coral genera were infected including Astreopora, Coelastrea, Dipsastraea, Gardineroseris, Goniopora, Montipora, Pavona, Platygyra, and Psammocora. For a southern central Red Sea outbreak site, overall prevalence was 40 times higher than baseline (1.7%). Differential susceptibility to BBD was apparent among coral genera with Dipsastraea (prevalence 6.1%), having more diseased colonies than was expected based on its abundance within transects. Analysis of the microbial community associated with the BBD mat showed that it is dominated by a consortium of cyanobacteria and heterotrophic bacteria. We detected the three main indicators for BBD (filamentous cyanobacteria, sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), and sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (SOB)), with high similarity to BBD-associated microbes found worldwide. More specifically, the microbial consortium of BBD-diseased coral colonies in the Red Sea consisted of Oscillatoria sp. (cyanobacteria), Desulfovibrio sp. (SRB), and Arcobacter sp. (SOB). Given the similarity of associated bacteria worldwide, our data suggest that BBD represents a global coral disease with predictable etiology. Furthermore, we provide a baseline assessment of BBD disease prevalence in the Red Sea, a still understudied region.read more
Citations
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Microbial Community Shifts Associated With the Ongoing Stony Coral Tissue Loss Disease Outbreak on the Florida Reef Tract.
Julie L. Meyer,Jessy Castellanos-Gell,Greta S. Aeby,Claudia C. Häse,Blake Ushijima,Blake Ushijima,Valerie J. Paul +6 more
TL;DR: The microbiota associated with disease lesions and apparently healthy tissue on diseased colonies of Montastraea cavernosa, Orbicella faveolata, Diploria labyrinthiformis, and Dichocoenia stokesii are examined, representing the first microbiological characterization of SCTLD.
Journal ArticleDOI
Coral reefs of the Red Sea — Challenges and potential solutions
Maoz Fine,Mine Cinar,Christian R. Voolstra,Alain Safa,Baruch Rinkevich,Dan Laffoley,Nathalie Hilmi,Dennis Allemand +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a SWOT analysis (strengths/weaknesses/opportunities/threats) is used to frame the present situation and to propose policy solutions as useful planning procedures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Science, Diplomacy, and the Red Sea’s Unique Coral Reef : It’s Time for Action
Karine Kleinhaus,Karine Kleinhaus,A. Al-Sawalmih,A. Al-Sawalmih,Daniel J. Barshis,Amatzia Genin,Lola N. Grace,Ove Hoegh-Guldberg,Yossi Loya,Anders Meibom,Anders Meibom,Eslam O. Osman,Jean Daniel Ruch,Yonathan Shaked,Christian R. Voolstra,Assaf Zvuloni,Maoz Fine +16 more
TL;DR: In the Gulf of Aqaba, the scleractinian corals in the Red Sea have an unusually high tolerance for the rapidly warming seawater in the region, and they withstand water temperature anomalies that cause severe bleaching or mortality in most hard corals elsewhere as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Shifting the microbiome of a coral holobiont and improving host physiology by inoculation with a potentially beneficial bacterial consortium
Ying Zhang,Qingsong Yang,Juan Ling,Lijuan Long,Hui Huang,Jian-Ping Yin,Mei-Lin Wu,Xiaoyu Tang,Xiancheng Lin,Yanying Zhang,Junde Dong +10 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the coral Pocillopora damicornis was inoculated with a beneficial microorganisms for corals (BMC) consortium to investigate how the coral host and its associated microbial community would respond.
Posted ContentDOI
Microbial community shifts associated with the ongoing stony coral tissue loss disease outbreak on the Florida Reef Tract
Julie L. Meyer,Jessy Castellanos-Gell,Greta S. Aeby,Claudia C. Häse,Blake Ushijima,Blake Ushijima,Valerie J. Paul +6 more
TL;DR: This work represents the first microbiological characterization of SCTLD, as an initial step toward identifying the potential pathogen(s) responsible for SCTLT, and identifies five unique amplicon sequence variants enriched in the diseased tissue in three coral species.
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