Embryonic stem cells.
Helen J. Rippon,Anne E. Bishop +1 more
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TLDR
This work reviews the history of murine and human ES cell Lines, including practical and ethical aspects of ES cell isolation from pre‐implantation embryos, maintenance of undifferentiated ES cell lines in the cell culture environment, and differentiation of ES cells in vitro and in vivo into mature somatic cell types.Abstract:
Embryonic stem cells have huge potential in the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine as they hold the capacity to produce every type of cell and tissue in the body. In theory, the treatment of human disease could be revolutionized by the ability to generate any cell, tissue, or even organ, 'on demand' in the laboratory. This work reviews the history of murine and human ES cell lines, including practical and ethical aspects of ES cell isolation from pre-implantation embryos, maintenance of undifferentiated ES cell lines in the cell culture environment, and differentiation of ES cells in vitro and in vivo into mature somatic cell types. Finally, we discuss advances towards the clinical application of ES cell technology, and some of the obstacles which must be overcome before large scale clinical trials can be considered.read more
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Functional expression cloning of nanog, a pluripotency sustaining factor in embryonic stem cells
Ian Chambers,Douglas Colby,Morag Robertson,Jennifer Nichols,Sonia Lee,Susan Tweedie,Austin Smith +6 more
TL;DR: These findings establish a central role for Nanog in the transcription factor hierarchy that defines ES cell identity and confirm that Cytokine dependence, multilineage differentiation, and embryo colonization capacity are fully restored upon transgene excision.
Journal ArticleDOI
Integration of External Signaling Pathways with the Core Transcriptional Network in Embryonic Stem Cells
Xi Chen,Han Xu,Ping Yuan,Fang Fang,Fang Fang,Mikael Huss,Vinsensius B. Vega,Eleanor Wong,Yuriy L. Orlov,Weiwei Zhang,Weiwei Zhang,Jianming Jiang,Jianming Jiang,Yuin-Han Loh,Yuin-Han Loh,Hock Chuan Yeo,Zhen Xuan Yeo,Vipin Narang,Kunde R Govindarajan,Bernard Leong,Atif Shahab,Yijun Ruan,Guillaume Bourque,Wing-Kin Sung,Neil D. Clarke,Chia-Lin Wei,Huck-Hui Ng,Huck-Hui Ng +27 more
TL;DR: This study uses chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with ultra-high-throughput DNA sequencing to map the locations of TF-binding sites and identifies important features of the transcriptional regulatory networks that define ES-cell identity.
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BMP Induction of Id Proteins Suppresses Differentiation and Sustains Embryonic Stem Cell Self-Renewal in Collaboration with STAT3
TL;DR: It is reported that bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) act in combination with LIF to sustain self-renewal and preserve multilineage differentiation, chimera colonization, and germline transmission properties.
Journal ArticleDOI
Naive and primed pluripotent states.
TL;DR: It is proposed that two phases of pluripotency can be defined: naive and primed, and this distinction extends to pluripotent stem cells derived from embryos or by molecular reprogramming ex vivo.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bone Tissue Engineering: State of the Art and Future Trends
TL;DR: The present review pretends to give an exhaustive overview on all components needed for making bone tissue engineering a successful therapy, going from materials to scaffolds and from cells to tissue engineering strategies that will lead to "engineered" bone.
References
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Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors.
TL;DR: Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic or adult fibroblasts by introducing four factors, Oct3/4, Sox2, c-Myc, and Klf4, under ES cell culture conditions is demonstrated and iPS cells, designated iPS, exhibit the morphology and growth properties of ES cells and express ES cell marker genes.
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Embryonic Stem Cell Lines Derived from Human Blastocysts
James A. Thomson,Joseph Itskovitz-Eldor,Sander S. Shapiro,Michelle A. Waknitz,Swiergiel Jennifer J,Vivienne S. Marshall,Jeffrey M. Jones +6 more
TL;DR: Human blastocyst-derived, pluripotent cell lines are described that have normal karyotypes, express high levels of telomerase activity, and express cell surface markers that characterize primate embryonic stem cells but do not characterize other early lineages.
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Establishment in culture of pluripotential cells from mouse embryos
TL;DR: The establishment in tissue culture of pluripotent cell lines which have been isolated directly from in vitro cultures of mouse blastocysts are reported, able to differentiate either in vitro or after innoculation into a mouse as a tumour in vivo.
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DNA methyltransferases Dnmt3a and Dnmt3b are essential for de novo methylation and mammalian development.
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that two recently identified DNA methyltransferases, DnMT3a and Dnmt3b, are essential for de novo methylation and for mouse development and play important roles in normal development and disease.
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Isolation of a pluripotent cell line from early mouse embryos cultured in medium conditioned by teratocarcinoma stem cells
TL;DR: In this article, the authors described the establishment directly from normal preimplantation mouse embryos of a cell line that forms teratocarcinomas when injected into mice and demonstrated the pluripotency of these embryonic stem cells by the observation that subclonal cultures, derived from isolated single cells, can differentiate into a wide variety of cell types.