Book ChapterDOI
Endocannabinoid System Components: Overview and Tissue Distribution.
Neal Joshi,Emmanuel S. Onaivi +1 more
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The components and tissue distribution of this previously unknown but ubiquitous and complex ECS that is involved in almost all aspects of mammalian physiology and pathology are reviewed.Abstract:
Marijuana/cannabinoid research has been transformed into mainstream science during the last half-century. Evidence based research and remarkable biotechnological advances demonstrate that phytocannabinoids and endocannabinoid (eCBs) acting on cannabinoid receptors (CBRs) regulate various aspects of human physiological, behavioral, immunological and metabolic functions. The distribution and function of the components of the endocannabinoid system (ECS) in the central nervous system (CNS) and immune processes have garnished significant research focus with major milestones. With these advances in biotechnology, rapid extension of the ECS research in the periphery has gained momentum. In this chapter, we review the components and tissue distribution of this previously unknown but ubiquitous and complex ECS that is involved in almost all aspects of mammalian physiology and pathology.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Cannabidiol and other non-psychoactive cannabinoids for prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal disorders: Useful nutraceuticals?
Vicente Martinez,Vicente Martinez,Amaia Iriondo De-Hond,Francesca Borrelli,Raffaele Capasso,María Dolores del Castillo,Raquel Abalo,Raquel Abalo +7 more
TL;DR: The hemp plant is looked at as a possible source of new functional food ingredients and nutraceuticals that might be eventually useful to treat or even prevent gastrointestinal conditions and the available data showing that non-psychoactive phytocannabinoids, particularly cannabidiol, may be useful to treatment different disorders and diseases of the gastrointestinal tract are revised.
Journal ArticleDOI
Therapeutic Potential of Cannabis, Cannabidiol, and Cannabinoid-Based Pharmaceuticals
TL;DR: Data support a role for cannabis/cannabinoids in pain, seizure disorders, appetite stimulation, muscle spasticity, and treatment of nausea/vomiting, but much more careful research is required.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cannabis for COVID-19: Can cannabinoids quell the cytokine storm?
TL;DR: As the infection with SARS-CoV-2 causes inflammation due to immune response and a ‘cytokine storm’, resulting in a range of mild to no symptoms all the way to severe and critical COVID-19 induced comorbidity and mortality, this Editorial discusses the potential of the pharmacological immune-modulatory effects of cannabinoids that are constituents of the cannabis plant.
Journal ArticleDOI
Major Phytocannabinoids and Their Related Compounds: Should We Only Search for Drugs That Act on Cannabinoid Receptors?
Leontina Elena Filipiuc,Daniela Carmen Ababei,Teodora Alexa-Stratulat,Cosmin Vasilica Pricope,Veronica Bild,Raluca Stefanescu,Gabriela Dumitrita Stanciu,Bogdan-Ionel Tamba +7 more
TL;DR: The authors showed that phytocannabinoids and their derivatives also interact with non-cannabinoid receptors such as vanilloid receptor 1, transient receptor ankyrin 1 potential, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma or glitazone receptor, G55 protein-coupled receptor, and nuclear receptor.
Journal ArticleDOI
New Insights and Potential Therapeutic Targeting of CB2 Cannabinoid Receptors in CNS Disorders
TL;DR: Recent advances on the role of CB2Rs in neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, including, but not limited to, anxiety, depression, schizophrenia, Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Huntington’S disease (HD) and addiction are addressed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Isolation and structure of a brain constituent that binds to the cannabinoid receptor
William A. Devane,Lumir Hanus,Aviva Breuer,Roger G. Pertwee,Lesley A. Stevenson,Graeme Griffin,Dan Gibson,Asher Mandelbaum,A. Etinger,Raphael Mechoulam +9 more
TL;DR: In this article, an arachidonylethanthanolamide (anandamide) was identified in a screen for endogenous ligands for the cannabinoid receptor and its structure was determined by mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and confirmed by synthesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
2-Arachidonoylgylcerol: A Possible Endogenous Cannabinoid Receptor Ligand in Brain
Takayuki Sugiura,Sachiko Kondo,Akihiro Sukagawa,Shinji Nakane,A. Shinoda,K. Itoh,Atsushi Yamashita,Keizo Waku +7 more
TL;DR: 2-Arachidonoylglycerol was shown to bind appreciably to the cannabinoid receptor in competitive inhibition experiments and may be an endogenous cannabinoid receptor ligand in the brain.
Journal ArticleDOI
Identification and Functional Characterization of Brainstem Cannabinoid CB2 Receptors
Marja D. Van Sickle,Marnie Duncan,Philip J. Kingsley,Abdeslam Mouihate,Paolo Urbani,Ken Mackie,Nephi Stella,Alexandros Makriyannis,Daniele Piomelli,Joseph S. Davison,Lawrence J. Marnett,Vincenzo Di Marzo,Quentin J. Pittman,Kamala D. Patel,Keith A. Sharkey +14 more
TL;DR: These functional CB2 receptors in the brainstem were activated by a CB2 receptor agonist, 2-arachidonoylglycerol, and by elevated endogenous levels of endocannabinoids, which also act at CB1 receptors.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular phylogenetics and the origins of placental mammals
William J. Murphy,Eduardo Eizirik,Eduardo Eizirik,Warren E. Johnson,Ya-Ping Zhang,Oliver A. Ryder,Stephen J. O'Brien +6 more
TL;DR: The potential weaknesses of limited character and taxon sampling are addressed in a comprehensive molecular phylogenetic analysis of 64 species sampled across all extant orders of placental mammals, providing new insight into the pattern of the early placental mammal radiation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Expression of the cannabinoid receptor CB1 in distinct neuronal subpopulations in the adult mouse forebrain
Giovanni Marsicano,Beat Lutz +1 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that a putative cross‐talk between cannabinoids and CCK might exist and will be relevant to better understanding of physiology and pharmacology of the cannabinoid system.
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