Environmental Triggers of Autoreactive Responses: Induction of Antiphospholipid Antibody Formation.
TLDR
This review summarizes and critically assess the pathogenic and non-pathogenic formation of aPLs and its contribution to the development of APS.Abstract:
Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) comprise a diverse family of autoantibodies targeted against proteins with the affinity toward negatively charged phospholipids or protein-phospholipid complexes. Their clinical significance, including prothrombotic potential of anti-cardiolipin antibodies (aCLs), anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibodies (aβ2-GPIs), and lupus anti-coagulant (LA), is well-established. However, the ontogeny of these pathogenic aPLs remains less clear. While transient appearance of aPLs could be induced by various environmental factors, in genetically predisposed individuals these factors may eventually lead to the development of the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). Since the first description of APS, it has been found that a wide variety of microbial and viral agents influence aPLs production and contribute to clinical manifestations of APS. Many theories attempted to explain the pathogenic potential of different environmental factors as well as a phenomenon termed molecular mimicry between β2-GPI molecule and infection-relevant structures. In this review, we summarize and critically assess the pathogenic and non-pathogenic formation of aPLs and its contribution to the development of APS.read more
Citations
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Prevention of experimental antiphospholipid syndrome and endothelial cell activation by synthetic peptides (anti-b2glycoprotein-Iypeptide phage display libraryyanticardiolipin)
Miri Blank,Yehuda Shoenfeld,Shmuel Cabilly,Y Ehudit Heldman,M Ati Fridkin,Ephraim Katchalski-Katzir +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors identified three hexapeptides that react specifically with the anti-b2GPI mAbs, which cause endothelial cell activation and induce experimental antiphospholipid syndrome.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neurological manifestations and neuro-invasive mechanisms of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2.
TL;DR: The aim of this study was to perform a review to describe neurological manifestations in patients with COVID‐19 and possible neuro‐invasive mechanisms of Sars‐CoV‐2.
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Concomitant new diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus and COVID-19 with possible antiphospholipid syndrome. Just a coincidence? A case report and review of intertwining pathophysiology.
TL;DR: In the midst of the COVID-19 pandemic, further understanding of its complications points towards dysregulated immune response as a major component, and it is possible that SARS-CoV-2, as it happens with other viruses, might lead to the formation of antiphospholipid antibodies, potentially contributing to the increased rates of thrombosis seen in CO VID-19.
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High Prevalence of Acquired Thrombophilia Without Prognosis Value in Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019.
Emile Ferrari,Benjamin Sartre,Fabien Squara,Julie Contenti,Céline Occelli,Fabien Lemoel,Jacques Levraut,Denis Doyen,Jean Dellamonica,V. Mondain,David Chirio,K. Risso,Eric Cua,Jean Christophe Orban,Carole Ichai,Mohamed Labbaoui,Baptiste Mossaz,Pamela Moceri,Anny Appert-Flory,Florence Fischer,Pierre Toulon +20 more
TL;DR: The presence of frequent acquired thrombophilia may be part of the inflammation storm of COVID‐19 and should not systematically modify the strategy on prophylactic anticoagulant treatment, which is already revised upwards in this pathological condition.
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Thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome: A practical guide to diagnosis and management.
TL;DR: A practical guide to the diagnosis of thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome including who to test for aPL and which tests to do and the use of adjunctive options such as vitamin D, hydroxychloroquine and statins is provided.
References
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