Essential Role of Lymph Nodes in Contact Hypersensitivity Revealed in Lymphotoxin-α–Deficient Mice
Paul D. Rennert,Paula S. Hochman,Richard A. Flavell,David D. Chaplin,Sundararajan Jayaraman,Jeffrey L. Browning,Yang Xin Fu +6 more
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TLDR
It is reported that LNs are absolutely required for generating contact hypersensitivity, a T cell–dependent cellular immune response induced by epicutaneous hapten, and reversed the LN defect in lymphotoxin-α−/− mice, thereby restoring the capacity for contact hypers sensitivity.Abstract:
Lymph nodes (LNs) are important sentinal organs, populated by circulating lymphocytes and antigen-bearing cells exiting the tissue beds. Although cellular and humoral immune responses are induced in LNs by antigenic challenge, it is not known if LNs are essential for acquired immunity. We examined immune responses in mice that lack LNs due to genetic deletion of lymphotoxin ligands or in utero blockade of membrane lymphotoxin. We report that LNs are absolutely required for generating contact hypersensitivity, a T cell–dependent cellular immune response induced by epicutaneous hapten. We show that the homing of epidermal Langerhans cells in response to hapten application is specifically directed to LNs, providing a cellular basis for this unique LN function. In contrast, the spleen cannot mediate contact hypersensitivity because antigen-bearing epidermal Langerhans cells do not access splenic white pulp. Finally, we formally demonstrate that LNs provide a unique environment essential for generating this acquired immune response by reversing the LN defect in lymphotoxin-α−/− mice, thereby restoring the capacity for contact hypersensitivity.read more
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Chemokines, sphingosine-1-phosphate, and cell migration in secondary lymphoid organs
TL;DR: The steps associated with the initiation of adaptive immune responses in secondary lymphoid organs are reviewed, highlighting the roles of chemokines and S1P.
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T cell- and B cell-independent adaptive immunity mediated by natural killer cells.
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Role of inducible bronchus associated lymphoid tissue (iBALT) in respiratory immunity.
Juan Moyron-Quiroz,Javier Rangel-Moreno,Kim Kusser,Louise Hartson,Frank Sprague,Stephen Goodrich,David L. Woodland,Frances E. Lund,Troy D. Randall +8 more
TL;DR: It is shown that mice lacking spleen, lymph nodes and Peyer's patches generate unexpectedly robust primary B- and T-cell responses to influenza, which seem to be initiated at sites of induced BALT (iBALT), which functions as an inducible secondary lymphoid tissue for respiratory immune responses.
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Differing Activities of Homeostatic Chemokines CCL19, CCL21, and CXCL12 in Lymphocyte and Dendritic Cell Recruitment and Lymphoid Neogenesis
Sanjiv A. Luther,Afshin Bidgol,Diana C. Hargreaves,Andrea Schmidt,Ying Xu,Jyothi Paniyadi,Mehrdad Matloubian,Jason G. Cyster +7 more
TL;DR: It is shown that ectopic expression in pancreatic islets of CCL19 leads to small infiltrates composed of lymphocytes and dendritic cells and containing high endothelial venules and stromal cells, and it is indicated that LTα1β2 may function downstream of C CL21, CCL21, and IL-2 family cytokines in normal and pathological lymphoid tissue development.
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Migration of dendritic cell subsets and their precursors.
TL;DR: This work compares the distinct migratory patterns of plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), CD8alpha(+) DCs, Langerhans cells, and conventional myeloid DCs and discusses how the highly regulated patterns of DC migration in vivo may affect their roles in immunity.
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Journal ArticleDOI
Mice Lacking Expression of Secondary Lymphoid Organ Chemokine Have Defects in Lymphocyte Homing and Dendritic Cell Localization
Michael D. Gunn,Shigeru Kyuwa,Carmen Tam,Terutaka Kakiuchi,Akio Matsuzawa,Lewis T. Williams,Hideki Nakano +6 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that the abnormalities in plt mice are due to a genetic defect in the expression of SLC and that SLC mediates the entry of naive T cells and antigen-stimulated DCs into the T cell zones of secondary lymphoid organs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Abnormal development of peripheral lymphoid organs in mice deficient in lymphotoxin
Pietro De Togni,Joseph J. Goellner,Nancy H. Ruddle,Philip R. Streeter,Andrea Fick,Sanjeev Mariathasan,Stacy C. Smith,Rebecca Carlson,Laurie P. Shornick,Jena Strauss-Schoenberger,John H. Russell,R W Karr,David D. Chaplin +12 more
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