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Exon skipping and dystrophin restoration in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy after systemic phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer treatment: an open-label, phase 2, dose-escalation study.

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TLDR
The safety and biochemical efficacy presented show the potential of AVI-4658 to become a disease-modifying drug for Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
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This article is published in The Lancet.The article was published on 2011-08-13 and is currently open access. It has received 847 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Duchenne muscular dystrophy & Drisapersen.

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Journal ArticleDOI

Reengineering a transmembrane protein to treat muscular dystrophy using exon skipping

TL;DR: The potential for exon skipping has been expanded by testing whether an internal, in-frame truncation of a transmembrane protein γ-sarcoglycan is functional, and an internally truncated Γ-sARCoglycan protein is generated, termed Mini-Gamma by deleting a large portion of the extracellular domain.
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Making sense of antisense oligonucleotides: A narrative review.

TL;DR: The chemistry, pharmacology, and mechanisms of action of ASOs, preclinical data, and clinical trials in neuromuscular diseases are reviewed and some ethical, regulatory, and policy considerations in the clinical development and use are discussed.
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Exon Skipping of Hepatic APOB Pre-mRNA With Splice-switching Oligonucleotides Reduces LDL Cholesterol In Vivo

TL;DR: APOB87, like similarly truncated isoforms expressed in patients with a different condition, familial hypobetalipoproteinemia, lowers LDL cholesterol by inhibiting very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) assembly and increasing LDL clearance, validating APO-skip SSOs as a candidate therapy for FH.
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Bi-specific splice-switching PMO oligonucleotides conjugated via a single peptide active in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy

TL;DR: The conjugation of two phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligonucleotide (PMO) SSOs to a single CPP for simultaneous delivery and pre-mRNA targeting of two separate genes, exon 23 of the Dmd gene and exon 5 of the Acvr2b gene, in a mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy is described.
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Dystrophin rescue by trans -splicing: a strategy for DMD genotypes not eligible for exon skipping approaches

TL;DR: RNA-based therapeutic approaches using splice-switching oligonucleotides to rescue dystrophin in Duchenne muscular dystrophy preclinical models and are currently being evaluated in DMD patients are applied in vitro, illustrating that a given PTM can be suitable for a variety of mutations.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Dystrophin: The protein product of the duchenne muscular dystrophy locus

TL;DR: The identification of the mdx mouse as an animal model for DMD has important implications with regard to the etiology of the lethal DMD phenotype, and the protein dystrophin is named because of its identification via the isolation of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy locus.
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Local Dystrophin Restoration with Antisense Oligonucleotide PRO051

TL;DR: Intramuscular injection of antisense oligonucleotide PRO051 induced dystrophin synthesis in four patients with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy who had suitable mutations, suggesting that further studies might be feasible.
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