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Exon skipping and dystrophin restoration in patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy after systemic phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer treatment: an open-label, phase 2, dose-escalation study.

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TLDR
The safety and biochemical efficacy presented show the potential of AVI-4658 to become a disease-modifying drug for Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
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This article is published in The Lancet.The article was published on 2011-08-13 and is currently open access. It has received 847 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Duchenne muscular dystrophy & Drisapersen.

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Oligonucleotide conjugates for therapeutic applications.

TL;DR: This review gives an overview of current developments of oligonucleotide conjugates for therapeutic applications, including peptides, proteins, carbohydrates, aptamers and small molecules, including cholesterol, tocopherol and folic acid.
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A Novel Morpholino Oligomer Targeting ISS-N1 Improves Rescue of Severe Spinal Muscular Atrophy Transgenic Mice

TL;DR: PMO25 was the most efficacious in augmenting exon 7 inclusion in vitro in spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) patient fibroblasts and in vitro splicing assays, and naked Morpholino oligomers are more efficient and safer than the Vivo-Morpholino and have potential for future SMA clinical applications.
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Gene therapy for muscular dystrophy: lessons learned and path forward.

TL;DR: A gene therapy approach using a mini-dystrophin transferred in adeno-associated virus (AAV) and suppression of stop codons to promote readthrough of the DMD gene to increase the size and strength of the muscle is completed.
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An overview of the clinical application of antisense oligonucleotides for RNA-targeting therapies.

TL;DR: The predominant therapeutic strategies in the antisense field are introduced whilst highlighting recent clinical findings that demonstrate the significant potential of these approaches for development of novel therapies in several diseases.
References
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Dystrophin: The protein product of the duchenne muscular dystrophy locus

TL;DR: The identification of the mdx mouse as an animal model for DMD has important implications with regard to the etiology of the lethal DMD phenotype, and the protein dystrophin is named because of its identification via the isolation of the Duchenne muscular dystrophy locus.
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Local Dystrophin Restoration with Antisense Oligonucleotide PRO051

TL;DR: Intramuscular injection of antisense oligonucleotide PRO051 induced dystrophin synthesis in four patients with Duchenne's muscular dystrophy who had suitable mutations, suggesting that further studies might be feasible.
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