Journal ArticleDOI
Forest and agricultural land‐use‐dependent CO2 exchange in Thuringia, Germany
P. M. Anthoni,Alexander Knohl,Corinna Rebmann,Annette Freibauer,M. Mund,Waldemar Ziegler,Olaf Kolle,Ernst Detlef Schulze +7 more
TLDR
In this article, the authors measured the net CO2 exchange (NEE) over ecosystems differing in land use (forest and agriculture) in Thuringia, Germany, and found that large contrasts were found in NEE rates between the land uses of the ecosystems.Abstract:
Eddy covariance was used to measure the net CO2 exchange (NEE) over ecosystems differing in land use (forest and agriculture) in Thuringia, Germany. Measurements were carried out at a managed, even-aged European beech stand (Fagus sylvatica, 70–150 years old), an unmanaged, uneven-aged mixed beech stand in a late stage of development (F. sylvatica, Fraxinus excelsior, Acer pseudoplantanus, and other hardwood trees, 0–250 years old), a managed young Norway spruce stand (Picea abies, 50 years old), and an agricultural field growing winter wheat in 2001, and potato in 2002. Large contrasts were found in NEE rates between the land uses of the ecosystems. The managed and unmanaged beech sites had very similar net CO2 uptake rates (�� 480 to � 500 g C m � 2 yr � 1 ). Main differences in seasonal NEE patterns between the beech sites were because of a later leaf emergence and higher maximum leaf area index at the unmanaged beech site, probably as a result of the species mix at the site. In contrast, the spruce stand had a higher CO2 uptake in spring but substantially lower net CO2 uptake in summer than the beech stands. This resulted in a near neutral annual NEE (� 4gCm � 2 yr � 1 ), mainly attributable to an ecosystem respiration rate almost twice as high as that of the beech stands, despite slightly lower temperatures, because of the higher elevation. Crops in the agricultural field had high CO2 uptake rates, but growing season length was short compared with the forest ecosystems. Therefore, the agricultural land had low-to-moderate annual net CO2 uptake (� 34 to � 193 g C m � 2 ), but with annual harvest taken into account it will be a source of CO2 ( 1 97 to 1 386 g C m � 2 ). Theread more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Global land-surface evaporation estimated from satellite-based observations
Diego G. Miralles,Thomas R. H. Holmes,Thomas R. H. Holmes,R.A.M. de Jeu,John H. C. Gash,A. G. C. A. Meesters,A. J. Dolman +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a satellite-sensor-based approach is proposed to estimate daily evaporation at a global scale and 0.25 degree spatial resolution using the Priestley and Taylor (PT) model.
Journal ArticleDOI
‘Breathing’ of the terrestrial biosphere: lessons learned from a global network of carbon dioxide flux measurement systems
TL;DR: Key findings reported include: ecosystems with the greatest net carbon uptake have the longest growing season, not the greatest FA; many old-growth forests act as carbon sinks; and year-to-year decreases in FN are attributed to a suite of stresses that decrease FA and FR in tandem.
Journal ArticleDOI
Separation of net ecosystem exchange into assimilation and respiration using a light response curve approach: critical issues and global evaluation
Gitta Lasslop,Markus Reichstein,Dario Papale,Andrew D. Richardson,Almut Arneth,Alan Barr,Paul C. Stoy,Georg Wohlfahrt +7 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors introduce an algorithm for NEE partitioning that uses a hyperbolic light response curve fit to daytime NEE, modified to account for the temperature sensitivity of respiration and the VPD limitation of photosynthesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Contrasting response of European forest and grassland energy exchange to heatwaves
Adriaan J. Teuling,Adriaan J. Teuling,Sonia I. Seneviratne,Reto Stöckli,Markus Reichstein,Eddy Moors,Philippe Ciais,Sebastiaan Luyssaert,Bart van den Hurk,Christof Ammann,Christian Bernhofer,Ebba Dellwik,Damiano Gianelle,Bert Gielen,Thomas Grünwald,Katja Klumpp,Leonardo Montagnani,Christine Moureaux,Matteo Sottocornola,Georg Wohlfahrt +19 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors analyse observations from an extensive network of flux towers in Europe that reveal a difference between the temporal responses of forest and grassland ecosystems during heatwaves and conclude that the conservative water use of forest contributes to increased temperatures in the short term, but mitigates the impact of the most extreme heat and/or long-lasting events.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global estimates of evapotranspiration and gross primary production based on MODIS and global meteorology data
Wenping Yuan,Shuguang Liu,Shuguang Liu,Guirui Yu,Jean Marc Bonnefond,Jiquan Chen,Kenneth J. Davis,Ankur R. Desai,Allen H. Goldstein,Damiano Gianelle,Federica Rossi,Andrew E. Suyker,Shashi B. Verma +12 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a light use efficiency model, called EC-LUE, was developed by using only four variables: normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), air temperature, and the Bowen ratio of sensible to latent heat flux.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
On the temperature dependence of soil respiration
Jon Lloyd,John Taylor +1 more
TL;DR: An empirical equation is presented which yields an unbiased estimator of respiration rates over a wide range of temperatures and provides representative estimates of the seasonal cycle of net ecosystem productivity and its effects on atmospheric CO 2.
Journal ArticleDOI
Gap filling strategies for defensible annual sums of net ecosystem exchange
Eva Falge,Dennis D. Baldocchi,Richard J. Olson,P. M. Anthoni,Marc Aubinet,Christian Bernhofer,George Burba,Reinhart Ceulemans,Robert Clement,Han Dolman,A. Granier,Patrick Gross,Thomas Grünwald,David Y. Hollinger,N.O. Jensen,Gabriel G. Katul,Petri Keronen,Andrew S. Kowalski,Chun-Ta Lai,Beverly E. Law,Tilden P. Meyers,H. Moncrieff,Eddy Moors,J. W. Munger,Kim Pilegaard,Üllar Rannik,Corinna Rebmann,Andrew E. Suyker,John Tenhunen,Kevin P. Tu,Shashi B. Verma,Timo Vesala,Kell B. Wilson,Steven C. Wofsy +33 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of different gap filling methods on the annual sum of net ecosystem exchange (F NEE ) responses is investigated, based on mean diurnal variation, look-up tables (LookUp), and nonlinear regressions (Regr).
Journal ArticleDOI
Respiration as the main determinant of carbon balance in European forests
Riccardo Valentini,Giorgio Matteucci,A. J. Dolman,Ernst Detlef Schulze,Corinna Rebmann,Eddy Moors,A. Granier,Patrick Gross,N.O. Jensen,Kim Pilegaard,Anders Lindroth,Achim Grelle,Christian Bernhofer,Thomas Grünwald,Marc Aubinet,Reinhart Ceulemans,Andrew S. Kowalski,Timo Vesala,Üllar Rannik,Paul Berbigier,Denis Loustau,Jón Guðmundsson,H. Thorgeirsson,A. Ibrom,K. Morgenstern,Robert Clement,John Moncrieff,Leonardo Montagnani,Stefano Minerbi,Paul G. Jarvis +29 more
TL;DR: Data of net ecosystem carbon exchange, collected between 1996 and 1998 from 15 European forests, confirm that many European forest ecosystems act as carbon sinks and indicate that, in general, ecosystem respiration determines netcosystem carbon exchange.
Journal ArticleDOI
Measurements of carbon sequestration by long‐term eddy covariance: methods and a critical evaluation of accuracy
TL;DR: In this paper, the turbulent exchanges of CO2 and water vapour between an aggrading deciduous forest in the north-eastern United States (Harvard Forest) and the atmosphere were measured from 1990 to 1994 using the eddy covariance technique.
Journal ArticleDOI
Measuring Biosphere-Atmosphere Exchanges of Biologically Related Gases with Micrometeorological Methods
TL;DR: An overview of micrometeorological theory and the different micromETeorological techniques available to make flux measurements is provided.
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