Genomic analysis of the type VI secretion systems in Pseudomonas spp.: novel clusters and putative effectors uncovered
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TLDR
Using a combination of phylogenetic and meta-analysis of transcriptome datasets it was possible to associate specific subsets of VgrG and Hcp proteins with each Pseudomonas T6SS clade, and it is proposed that these genes may play a role in secretion or alternatively could be new T6S effectors.Abstract:
Bacteria encode multiple protein secretion systems that are crucial for interaction with the environment and with hosts. In recent years, attention has focused on type VI secretion systems (T6SSs), which are specialized transporters widely encoded in Proteobacteria. The myriad of processes associated with these secretion systems could be explained by subclasses of T6SS, each involved in specialized functions. To assess diversity and predict function associated with different T6SSs, comparative genomic analysis of 34 Pseudomonas genomes was performed. This identified 70 T6SSs, with at least one locus in every strain, except for Pseudomonas stutzeri A1501. By comparing 11 core genes of the T6SS, it was possible to identify five main Pseudomonas phylogenetic clusters, with strains typically carrying T6SSs from more than one clade. In addition, most strains encode additional vgrG and hcp genes, which encode extracellular structural components of the secretion apparatus. Using a combination of phylogenetic and meta-analysis of transcriptome datasets it was possible to associate specific subsets of VgrG and Hcp proteins with each Pseudomonas T6SS clade. Moreover, a closer examination of the genomic context of vgrG genes in multiple strains highlights a number of additional genes associated with these regions. It is proposed that these genes may play a role in secretion or alternatively could be new T6S effectors.read more
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Diverse type VI secretion phospholipases are functionally plastic antibacterial effectors
Alistair B. Russell,Michele LeRoux,Krisztina Hathazi,Danielle M. Agnello,Takahiko Ishikawa,Paul A. Wiggins,Sun Nyunt Wai,Joseph D. Mougous +7 more
TL;DR: The surprising finding that virulence-associated phospholipases can serve as specific antibacterial effectors suggests that interbacterial interactions are a relevant factor driving the continuing evolution of pathogenesis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Aim, Load, Fire: The Type VI Secretion System, a Bacterial Nanoweapon.
TL;DR: The contribution of recent findings are summarized to the developing picture of how the T6SS assembles and fires, how it is loaded with different types of effectors, and how it can be aimed towards an incoming assault.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Type VI Secretion-Related Pathway in Bacteroidetes Mediates Interbacterial Antagonism
Alistair B. Russell,Aaron G. Wexler,Brittany N. Harding,John C. Whitney,Alan J. Bohn,Young Ah Goo,Bao Q. Tran,Natasha A. Barry,Hongjin Zheng,S. Brook Peterson,Seemay Chou,Tamir Gonen,David R. Goodlett,Andrew L. Goodman,Joseph D. Mougous +14 more
TL;DR: The Bacteroidetes system is a distinct pathway with marked differences in gene content and high evolutionary divergence from the canonical T6S pathway, offering a potential molecular explanation for the abundance of Bacteroids in polymicrobial environments, the observed stability in healthy humans, and the barrier presented by the microbiota against pathogens.
Journal ArticleDOI
Type VI secretion and anti-host effectors
TL;DR: The type VI secretion system (T6SS) mediates bacterial antagonism in various environments including eukaryotic niches, such as the gut, and effectors impede host cell functions and promote immune evasion, thereby enabling successful infection.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Pseudomonas aeruginosa Type VI Secretion Phospholipase D Effector Targets Both Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells
TL;DR: This work describes the characterization of a P. aeruginosa H3-T6SS-dependent phospholipase D effector, PldB, and its three tightly linked cognate immunity proteins, implying a potentially widespread T 6SS-mediated mechanism, which deploys a single phospholIPase effector to influence both prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic hosts.
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