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Graphene: Status and Prospects

Andre K. Geim
- 19 Jun 2009 - 
- Vol. 324, Iss: 5934, pp 1530-1534
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TLDR
This review analyzes recent trends in graphene research and applications, and attempts to identify future directions in which the field is likely to develop.
Abstract
Graphene is a wonder material with many superlatives to its name. It is the thinnest known material in the universe and the strongest ever measured. Its charge carriers exhibit giant intrinsic mobility, have zero effective mass, and can travel for micrometers without scattering at room temperature. Graphene can sustain current densities six orders of magnitude higher than that of copper, shows record thermal conductivity and stiffness, is impermeable to gases, and reconciles such conflicting qualities as brittleness and ductility. Electron transport in graphene is described by a Dirac-like equation, which allows the investigation of relativistic quantum phenomena in a benchtop experiment. This review analyzes recent trends in graphene research and applications, and attempts to identify future directions in which the field is likely to develop.

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Structural and functional photoacoustic molecular tomography aided by emerging contrast agents.

TL;DR: The potentials of different optical probes as PAT contrast agents were elucidated and the instrumental embodiments and the measured functional parameters, then focus on emerging contrast agent-based PAT applications, and finally discuss the challenges and prospects.
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Electronic structure and chemical bonding of a graphene oxide–sulfur nanocomposite for use in superior performance lithium–sulfur cells

TL;DR: The moderate chemical interactions between sulfur and GO can preserve the intrinsic electronic structure of GO, and on the other hand, immobilize the sulfur on the GO sheets, which should be responsible for the excellent electrochemical performance of the lithium-sulfur cells by using the GO-S nanocomposite as the cathode material.
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Black Phosphorus Nanosheets: Synthesis, Characterization and Applications.

TL;DR: Recent advances in the synthesis, fabrication, anisotropic physical properties, and BP-based devices including field effect transistors (FETs) and photodetectors, are discussed.
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Reducing Graphene Oxide via Hydroxylamine: A Simple and Efficient Route to Graphene

TL;DR: In this paper, the reduction of GO with hydroxylamine could take place quickly under a mild condition, and the as-produced graphene sheet showed high electrical conductivity, fair crystalline state, and admirable aqueous dispersibility without using any stabilizing reagents.
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Nanocarbon‐Based Materials for Flexible All‐Solid‐State Supercapacitors

TL;DR: Here, the recent advances in flexible ASSSCs are summarized, from design strategies to fabrication techniques for nanocarbon electrodes and devices, and great achievements have been obtained.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

The rise of graphene

TL;DR: Owing to its unusual electronic spectrum, graphene has led to the emergence of a new paradigm of 'relativistic' condensed-matter physics, where quantum relativistic phenomena can now be mimicked and tested in table-top experiments.
Journal ArticleDOI

The electronic properties of graphene

TL;DR: In this paper, the basic theoretical aspects of graphene, a one-atom-thick allotrope of carbon, with unusual two-dimensional Dirac-like electronic excitations, are discussed.
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Measurement of the Elastic Properties and Intrinsic Strength of Monolayer Graphene

TL;DR: Graphene is established as the strongest material ever measured, and atomically perfect nanoscale materials can be mechanically tested to deformations well beyond the linear regime.
Journal ArticleDOI

Superior Thermal Conductivity of Single-Layer Graphene

TL;DR: The extremely high value of the thermal conductivity suggests that graphene can outperform carbon nanotubes in heat conduction and establishes graphene as an excellent material for thermal management.
Journal ArticleDOI

Large-scale pattern growth of graphene films for stretchable transparent electrodes

TL;DR: The direct synthesis of large-scale graphene films using chemical vapour deposition on thin nickel layers is reported, and two different methods of patterning the films and transferring them to arbitrary substrates are presented, implying that the quality of graphene grown by chemical vapours is as high as mechanically cleaved graphene.
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