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Graphene: Status and Prospects

Andre K. Geim
- 19 Jun 2009 - 
- Vol. 324, Iss: 5934, pp 1530-1534
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TLDR
This review analyzes recent trends in graphene research and applications, and attempts to identify future directions in which the field is likely to develop.
Abstract
Graphene is a wonder material with many superlatives to its name. It is the thinnest known material in the universe and the strongest ever measured. Its charge carriers exhibit giant intrinsic mobility, have zero effective mass, and can travel for micrometers without scattering at room temperature. Graphene can sustain current densities six orders of magnitude higher than that of copper, shows record thermal conductivity and stiffness, is impermeable to gases, and reconciles such conflicting qualities as brittleness and ductility. Electron transport in graphene is described by a Dirac-like equation, which allows the investigation of relativistic quantum phenomena in a benchtop experiment. This review analyzes recent trends in graphene research and applications, and attempts to identify future directions in which the field is likely to develop.

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Photonics and optoelectronics of 2D semiconductor transition metal dichalcogenides

TL;DR: In this paper, the electronic and optical properties and the recent progress in applications of 2D semiconductor transition metal dichalcogenides with emphasis on strong excitonic effects, and spin- and valley-dependent properties are reviewed.
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Unimpeded permeation of water through helium-leak-tight graphene-based membranes.

TL;DR: Submicrometer-thick membranes made from graphene oxide can be completely impermeable to liquids, vapors, and gases, including helium, but these membranes allow unimpeded permeation of water (H2O permeates through the membranes at least 1010 times faster than He).
Journal ArticleDOI

Science and technology roadmap for graphene, related two-dimensional crystals, and hybrid systems

Andrea C. Ferrari, +68 more
- 04 Mar 2015 - 
TL;DR: An overview of the key aspects of graphene and related materials, ranging from fundamental research challenges to a variety of applications in a large number of sectors, highlighting the steps necessary to take GRMs from a state of raw potential to a point where they might revolutionize multiple industries are provided.
Journal ArticleDOI

Graphene-based semiconductor photocatalysts

TL;DR: This critical review summarizes the recent progress in the design and fabrication of graphene-based semiconductor photocatalysts via various strategies including in situ growth, solution mixing, hydrothermal and/or solvothermal methods.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

The rise of graphene

TL;DR: Owing to its unusual electronic spectrum, graphene has led to the emergence of a new paradigm of 'relativistic' condensed-matter physics, where quantum relativistic phenomena can now be mimicked and tested in table-top experiments.
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The electronic properties of graphene

TL;DR: In this paper, the basic theoretical aspects of graphene, a one-atom-thick allotrope of carbon, with unusual two-dimensional Dirac-like electronic excitations, are discussed.
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Measurement of the Elastic Properties and Intrinsic Strength of Monolayer Graphene

TL;DR: Graphene is established as the strongest material ever measured, and atomically perfect nanoscale materials can be mechanically tested to deformations well beyond the linear regime.
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Superior Thermal Conductivity of Single-Layer Graphene

TL;DR: The extremely high value of the thermal conductivity suggests that graphene can outperform carbon nanotubes in heat conduction and establishes graphene as an excellent material for thermal management.
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Large-scale pattern growth of graphene films for stretchable transparent electrodes

TL;DR: The direct synthesis of large-scale graphene films using chemical vapour deposition on thin nickel layers is reported, and two different methods of patterning the films and transferring them to arbitrary substrates are presented, implying that the quality of graphene grown by chemical vapours is as high as mechanically cleaved graphene.
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