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Graphene: Status and Prospects

Andre K. Geim
- 19 Jun 2009 - 
- Vol. 324, Iss: 5934, pp 1530-1534
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TLDR
This review analyzes recent trends in graphene research and applications, and attempts to identify future directions in which the field is likely to develop.
Abstract
Graphene is a wonder material with many superlatives to its name. It is the thinnest known material in the universe and the strongest ever measured. Its charge carriers exhibit giant intrinsic mobility, have zero effective mass, and can travel for micrometers without scattering at room temperature. Graphene can sustain current densities six orders of magnitude higher than that of copper, shows record thermal conductivity and stiffness, is impermeable to gases, and reconciles such conflicting qualities as brittleness and ductility. Electron transport in graphene is described by a Dirac-like equation, which allows the investigation of relativistic quantum phenomena in a benchtop experiment. This review analyzes recent trends in graphene research and applications, and attempts to identify future directions in which the field is likely to develop.

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Carbon as Catalyst and Support for Electrochemical Energy Conversion

TL;DR: In this paper, a comparative review of carbon-based support materials is provided, including carbon nanotubes and fibers, mesoporous carbon, multi-layer graphene (undoped and doped with metal nanoparticles) and reduced graphene oxide.
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Graphene CVD growth on copper and nickel: role of hydrogen in kinetics and structure

TL;DR: It is shown that hydrogen acts as an inhibitor for the CH(4) dehydrogenation on copper, contributing to suppress deposition onto the copper substrate, and degrades quality of graphene.
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Visible light-driven α-Fe₂O₃ nanorod/graphene/BiV₁-xMoxO₄ core/shell heterojunction array for efficient photoelectrochemical water splitting.

TL;DR: The results demonstrate the advantages of the novel graphene-mediated core/shell heterojunction array and provide a valuable insight for the further development of such materials.
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Colloidal Synthesis of Quantum Confined Single Crystal CsPbBr3 Nanosheets with Lateral Size Control up to the Micrometer Range

TL;DR: The nontemplated colloidal synthesis of single crystal CsPbBr3 perovskite nanosheets with lateral sizes up to a few micrometers and with thickness of just a few unit cells is reported in the strong quantum confinement regime.
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Recent advances in the efficient reduction of graphene oxide and its application as energy storage electrode materials

TL;DR: A detailed description of the improvement in physiochemical properties of reduced GO (RGO) compared to pure GO is provided and new environmentally friendly types of reducing agents that can efficiently remove oxygen functionalities from the surface of GO are proposed.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

The rise of graphene

TL;DR: Owing to its unusual electronic spectrum, graphene has led to the emergence of a new paradigm of 'relativistic' condensed-matter physics, where quantum relativistic phenomena can now be mimicked and tested in table-top experiments.
Journal ArticleDOI

The electronic properties of graphene

TL;DR: In this paper, the basic theoretical aspects of graphene, a one-atom-thick allotrope of carbon, with unusual two-dimensional Dirac-like electronic excitations, are discussed.
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Measurement of the Elastic Properties and Intrinsic Strength of Monolayer Graphene

TL;DR: Graphene is established as the strongest material ever measured, and atomically perfect nanoscale materials can be mechanically tested to deformations well beyond the linear regime.
Journal ArticleDOI

Superior Thermal Conductivity of Single-Layer Graphene

TL;DR: The extremely high value of the thermal conductivity suggests that graphene can outperform carbon nanotubes in heat conduction and establishes graphene as an excellent material for thermal management.
Journal ArticleDOI

Large-scale pattern growth of graphene films for stretchable transparent electrodes

TL;DR: The direct synthesis of large-scale graphene films using chemical vapour deposition on thin nickel layers is reported, and two different methods of patterning the films and transferring them to arbitrary substrates are presented, implying that the quality of graphene grown by chemical vapours is as high as mechanically cleaved graphene.
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