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Graphene: Status and Prospects

Andre K. Geim
- 19 Jun 2009 - 
- Vol. 324, Iss: 5934, pp 1530-1534
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TLDR
This review analyzes recent trends in graphene research and applications, and attempts to identify future directions in which the field is likely to develop.
Abstract
Graphene is a wonder material with many superlatives to its name. It is the thinnest known material in the universe and the strongest ever measured. Its charge carriers exhibit giant intrinsic mobility, have zero effective mass, and can travel for micrometers without scattering at room temperature. Graphene can sustain current densities six orders of magnitude higher than that of copper, shows record thermal conductivity and stiffness, is impermeable to gases, and reconciles such conflicting qualities as brittleness and ductility. Electron transport in graphene is described by a Dirac-like equation, which allows the investigation of relativistic quantum phenomena in a benchtop experiment. This review analyzes recent trends in graphene research and applications, and attempts to identify future directions in which the field is likely to develop.

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A Universal high accuracy wearable pulse monitoring system via high sensitivity and large linearity graphene pressure sensor

TL;DR: In this article, a novel material design strategy is developed to fabricate a self-assembled graphene sensing film, in which the conductivity and thickness can be well balanced, and the sensor exhibits unprecedented comprehensive properties with both high sensitivity (1875.53
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Highly Concentrated Aqueous Suspensions of Graphene through Ultrasonic Exfoliation with Continuous Surfactant Addition

TL;DR: Cationic, anionic, and nonionic surfactants were studied and all showed significant increases in the concentration of graphene produced using this continuous addition method.
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Two-dimensional TiS2 nanosheets for in vivo photoacoustic imaging and photothermal cancer therapy

TL;DR: This work indicates that TiS2 nanosheets with appropriate surface coating (e.g. PEGylation) would be a promising new class of photothermal agents for imaging-guided cancer therapy.
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Electronic conduction in polymers, carbon nanotubes and graphene

TL;DR: This critical review discusses the common features and the differences in the conduction mechanisms observed in carbon-based materials, which range from near ballistic and conventional metallic conduction to fluctuation-assisted tunnelling, variable-range hopping and more exotic mechanisms.
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Surface refinement and electronic properties of graphene layers grown on copper substrate: An XPS, UPS and EELS study

TL;DR: In this article, two surface treatment procedures were evaluated under ultra high vacuum conditions in order to obtain atomically clean graphene layers without disrupting the morphology and the two dimensional character of the films.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

The rise of graphene

TL;DR: Owing to its unusual electronic spectrum, graphene has led to the emergence of a new paradigm of 'relativistic' condensed-matter physics, where quantum relativistic phenomena can now be mimicked and tested in table-top experiments.
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The electronic properties of graphene

TL;DR: In this paper, the basic theoretical aspects of graphene, a one-atom-thick allotrope of carbon, with unusual two-dimensional Dirac-like electronic excitations, are discussed.
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Measurement of the Elastic Properties and Intrinsic Strength of Monolayer Graphene

TL;DR: Graphene is established as the strongest material ever measured, and atomically perfect nanoscale materials can be mechanically tested to deformations well beyond the linear regime.
Journal ArticleDOI

Superior Thermal Conductivity of Single-Layer Graphene

TL;DR: The extremely high value of the thermal conductivity suggests that graphene can outperform carbon nanotubes in heat conduction and establishes graphene as an excellent material for thermal management.
Journal ArticleDOI

Large-scale pattern growth of graphene films for stretchable transparent electrodes

TL;DR: The direct synthesis of large-scale graphene films using chemical vapour deposition on thin nickel layers is reported, and two different methods of patterning the films and transferring them to arbitrary substrates are presented, implying that the quality of graphene grown by chemical vapours is as high as mechanically cleaved graphene.
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