Journal ArticleDOI
High-throughput solution processing of large-scale graphene
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TLDR
The chemically converted graphene sheets that were produced have the largest area reported to date (up to 20 x 40 microm), making them far easier to process, and field-effect devices have been fabricated by conventional photolithography, displaying currents that are three orders of magnitude higher than previously reported for chemically produced graphene.Abstract:
The electronic properties of graphene, such as high charge carrier concentrations and mobilities, make it a promising candidate for next-generation nanoelectronic devices. In particular, electrons and holes can undergo ballistic transport on the sub-micrometre scale in graphene and do not suffer from the scale limitations of current MOSFET technologies. However, it is still difficult to produce single-layer samples of graphene and bulk processing has not yet been achieved, despite strenuous efforts to develop a scalable production method. Here, we report a versatile solution-based process for the large-scale production of single-layer chemically converted graphene over the entire area of a silicon/SiO(2) wafer. By dispersing graphite oxide paper in pure hydrazine we were able to remove oxygen functionalities and restore the planar geometry of the single sheets. The chemically converted graphene sheets that were produced have the largest area reported to date (up to 20 x 40 microm), making them far easier to process. Field-effect devices have been fabricated by conventional photolithography, displaying currents that are three orders of magnitude higher than previously reported for chemically produced graphene. The size of these sheets enables a wide range of characterization techniques, including optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, to be performed on the same specimen.read more
Citations
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Green synthesis of graphene and its cytotoxic effects in human breast cancer cells
TL;DR: The results suggest that both GO and B-rGO exhibit toxicity to MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent manner, with a dose > 60 μg/mL exhibiting obvious cytotoxicity effects, such as decreasing cell viability, increasing ROS generation, and releasing of lactate dehydrogenase.
Journal ArticleDOI
Polyaniline modified graphene and carbon nanotube composite electrode for asymmetric supercapacitors of high energy density
TL;DR: Graphene and single-walled carbon nanotube (CNT) composites are explored as the electrodes for supercapacitors by coating polyaniline (PANI) nano-cones onto the graphene/CNT composite to obtain a graphene-CNT-PANI composite electrode as mentioned in this paper.
Journal ArticleDOI
Efros-Shklovskii variable-range hopping in reduced graphene oxide sheets of varying carbonsp2fraction
Daeha Joung,Saiful I. Khondaker +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the low-temperature electron transport properties of chemically reduced graphene oxide (RGO) sheets with different carbon $s{p}^{2}$ fractions of 55$%$ to 80$% were investigated.
Journal ArticleDOI
Flexible Organic Photovoltaic Cells with In Situ Nonthermal Photoreduction of Spin‐Coated Graphene Oxide Electrodes
Emmanuel Kymakis,Kyriaki Savva,Kyriaki Savva,Minas M. Stylianakis,Minas M. Stylianakis,Costas Fotakis,Costas Fotakis,Emmanuel Stratakis,Emmanuel Stratakis +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, a laser-reduced spin-coated graphene oxide (LrGO) was used as a transparent electrode for organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices.
Journal ArticleDOI
Fabrication of graphene thin films based on layer-by-layer self-assembly of functionalized graphene nanosheets.
TL;DR: In this paper, a facile means of fabricating graphene thin films via layer-by-layer assembly of charged graphene nanosheets (GS) based on electrostatic interactions is presented.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The electronic properties of graphene
TL;DR: In this paper, the basic theoretical aspects of graphene, a one-atom-thick allotrope of carbon, with unusual two-dimensional Dirac-like electronic excitations, are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Raman spectrum of graphene and graphene layers.
Andrea C. Ferrari,Jannik C. Meyer,Vittorio Scardaci,Cinzia Casiraghi,Michele Lazzeri,Francesco Mauri,S. Piscanec,Da Jiang,K. S. Novoselov,S. Roth,A. K. Geim +10 more
TL;DR: This work shows that graphene's electronic structure is captured in its Raman spectrum that clearly evolves with the number of layers, and allows unambiguous, high-throughput, nondestructive identification of graphene layers, which is critically lacking in this emerging research area.
Journal ArticleDOI
Synthesis of graphene-based nanosheets via chemical reduction of exfoliated graphite oxide
Sasha Stankovich,Dmitriy A. Dikin,Richard D. Piner,Kevin A. Kohlhaas,Alfred Kleinhammes,Yuanyuan Jia,Yue Wu,SonBinh T. Nguyen,Rodney S. Ruoff +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, a colloidal suspension of exfoliated graphene oxide sheets in water with hydrazine hydrate results in their aggregation and subsequent formation of a high surface area carbon material which consists of thin graphene-based sheets.
Journal ArticleDOI
Two-dimensional atomic crystals
Kostya S. Novoselov,Da Jiang,Fred Schedin,Timothy J. Booth,V. V. Khotkevich,Sergey V. Morozov,Andre K. Geim +6 more
TL;DR: By using micromechanical cleavage, a variety of 2D crystals including single layers of boron nitride, graphite, several dichalcogenides, and complex oxides are prepared and studied.