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In vitro assessments of nanomaterial toxicity

Clinton F. Jones, +1 more
- 21 Jun 2009 - 
- Vol. 61, Iss: 6, pp 438-456
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TLDR
Improved physicochemical nanomaterial assays are needed to provide accurate exposure risk assessments and genuine predictions of in vivo behavior and therapeutic value, particularly in realistic physiological or environmental models containing cells, proteins and solutes.
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This article is published in Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews.The article was published on 2009-06-21 and is currently open access. It has received 537 citations till now.

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Endocytosis and intracellular transport of nanoparticles: Present knowledge and need for future studies

TL;DR: The use of pharmacological inhibitors, expression of mutated proteins, use of siRNAs and colocalization experiments in such studies are critically evaluated and aspects of intracellular transport, recycling of nanoparticle to the cell exterior, disturbance of cellular functions, and metabolism of nanoparticles are discussed.
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Nanoparticle Uptake: The Phagocyte Problem.

TL;DR: This review focuses on describing macrophage-based initiation of downstream hallmark immunological and inflammatory processes resulting from phagocyte exposure to and internalization of nanomaterials.
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Multiple applications of Alamar Blue as an indicator of metabolic function and cellular health in cell viability bioassays.

TL;DR: This review seeks to highlight many of the important considerations involved in assay use and design in addition to the potential pitfalls and offers several advantages over other metabolic indicators and other cytotoxicity assays.
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Protein Corona Fingerprinting Predicts the Cellular Interaction of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles

TL;DR: This study establishes a framework for developing a comprehensive database of protein corona fingerprints and biological responses for multiple nanoparticle types that can be used to develop quantitative relationships that predict the biological responses to nanoparticles and will aid in uncovered the fundamental mechanisms of nano-bio interactions.
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Local Drug Delivery Strategies for Cancer Treatment: Gels, Nanoparticles, Polymeric Films, Rods, and Wafers

TL;DR: The aims of this article are to review the most well-studied and efficacious local polymer delivery systems from the last two decades, to examine the rationale for utilizing drug-eluting polymer implants in cancer patients, and to identify the patient cohorts that could most benefit from localized therapy.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Toxic Potential of Materials at the Nanolevel

TL;DR: The establishment of principles and test procedures to ensure safe manufacture and use of nanomaterials in the marketplace is urgently required and achievable.
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Chemistry and properties of nanocrystals of different shapes.

TL;DR: The interest in nanoscale materials stems from the fact that new properties are acquired at this length scale and, equally important, that these properties are equally important.
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Single cell gel/comet assay: guidelines for in vitro and in vivo genetic toxicology testing.

TL;DR: The expert panel reached a consensus that the optimal version of the Comet assay for identifying agents with genotoxic activity was the alkaline (pH > 13) versions of the assay developed by Singh et al.
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Astrocyte–endothelial interactions at the blood–brain barrier

TL;DR: Specific interactions between the brain endothelium, astrocytes and neurons that may regulate blood–brain barrier function are explored to lead to the development of new protective and restorative therapies.
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Determining the size and shape dependence of gold nanoparticle uptake into mammalian cells.

TL;DR: The intracellular uptake of different sized and shaped colloidal gold nanoparticles is investigated and it is shown that kinetics and saturation concentrations are highly dependent upon the physical dimensions of the nanoparticles.
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