Q2. What is the circadian clock and light signaling pathways co-218 regulate?
The circadian clock and light signaling pathways co-218 regulate hypocotyl elongation to maintain daily growth rhythms in Arabidopsis, with the 219 maximal growth rate at dawn in short days [19, 58].
Q3. What is the role of circadian oscillators in eukaryotes?
In eukaryotes, circadian oscillators are cell-autonomous 389 pacemakers with a period of ~24 hours composed of mostly transcription factors.
Q4. What is the author's license to display the preprint?
ELF3 is a key factor antagonizing light input into the clock, as 160.CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International licensea certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity.
Q5. What is the role of a transcription regulator in the regulation of ELF3?
In addition, a 152 B-box containing transcription regulator that regulates photomorphogenesis, BBX19, 153 physically interacts with COP1 and ELF3 to promote the COP1-dependent degradation of 154 ELF3 [45].
Q6. What is the function of the EC as an integrator of light inputs?
The function of the EC as an integrator of light inputs is consistent with protein-protein 167 interactions between the EC and numerous components of the light signaling pathways 168 [14, 38, 43, 44, 50, 51].
Q7. How does CCA1 bind to the promoter of ELF3?
CCA1 binds to the promoter of ELF3 in 100 the morning to repress its expression, supporting the genetic data showing ELF3 is 101 negatively regulated by CCA1 [33].
Q8. What are the main proteins that are associated with the circadian clock?
Several new ELF3-associated proteins 296 were also identified, including a family of nuclear kinases (MUT9-LIKE KINASEs, MLK1 to 297 4), which regulate circadian period and flowering in long days [50, 92].
Q9. What is the role of PIF4 in the photoperiodic control of plants?
E. and P.H. Quail, PIF4, a phytochrome-interacting bHLH factor, functions as a 609 negative regulator of phytochrome B signaling in Arabidopsis.
Q10. What is the role of the EC in the circadian rhythms of plants?
318319Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives 320Evidence generated from combined genetic, biochemical and molecular approaches has 321 established that the EC functions as an entry point for integrating multiple clock inputs 322 to modulate circadian rhythms and clock output pathways.
Q11. What is the role of the EC 88 in the circadian clock?
In turn, the EC 88 regulates the transcription of other key clock genes (discussed below) to maintain 89 proper circadian rhythms [13, 16-18].
Q12. What is the role of ELF3 in the regulation of nighttime growth?
One molecular 252 mechanism has been found through studies of ELF3, which functions as a substrate 253 adaptor for the COP1-dependent degradation of GI protein [43, 71] (Figure 2B).
Q13. What is the role of elf3 in integrating temperature cues?
Temperature-179 entrained and dark-grown elf3 mutant seedlings are arrhythmic, supporting an essential 180 role for ELF3 in integrating temperature cues [53].
Q14. What is the EC nighttime repressor in Arabidopsis?
T., et al., Ambient temperature signal feeds into the circadian clock 554 transcriptional circuitry through the EC nighttime repressor in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Q15. What is the role of ELF3 in the circadian clock?
Together with the fact that ELF3 regulates the expression of TOC1 and its target 303 PRR9 [23, 25, 39-41], the TOC1-ELF3 interaction suggests additional mechanisms of EC-304 mediated regulation within the circadian clock.
Q16. What is the role of light in the regulation of EC?
visible light signaling pathways directly regulate the abundance of the 155 EC through transcriptional and post-translational mechanisms.