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Laptop multitasking hinders classroom learning for both users and nearby peers

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TLDR
It is found that participants who multitasked on a laptop during a lecture scored lower on a test compared to those who did not multitask, and participants who were in direct view of a multitasking peer scored lower than those who were not.
Abstract
Laptops are commonplace in university classrooms. In light of cognitive psychology theory on costs associated with multitasking, we examined the effects of in-class laptop use on student learning in a simulated classroom. We found that participants who multitasked on a laptop during a lecture scored lower on a test compared to those who did not multitask, and participants who were in direct view of a multitasking peer scored lower on a test compared to those who were not. The results demonstrate that multitasking on a laptop poses a significant distraction to both users and fellow students and can be detrimental to comprehension of lecture content.

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TL;DR: Authoritative parenting style was found to be a negative predictor of parental resistance, and pedagogical and social resistance factors predicted a high level of Parental resistance.
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The Current Status of Students’ Note-Taking: Why and How Do Students Take Notes?

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explored whether recent advances in technology are associated with changes in students' self-reported note-taking and classroom experiences and found that current students reported using technology to take notes more frequently and reported receiving PowerPoint slides from their professors more frequently.
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Using Facebook to Enhance Independent Student Engagement: A Case Study of First-Year Undergraduates.

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Technology and note-taking in the classroom, boardroom, hospital room, and courtroom

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors explore four distinct note-taking settings: the classroom, the boardroom, the hospital room, and the courtroom, and conclude each section with a short discussion of what kinds of new technologies would be most helpful for notetaking in those situations.
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The Costs of Texting in the Classroom

TL;DR: The authors found that even simple texting can reduce comprehension of class material at a rate of 10-20% and suggested alternatives to ignoring texting or outright bans include using smartphones for classroom exercises, educating students about the dangers of multitasking, and the use of technology breaks.
References
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Attention and Effort

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TL;DR: In this article, the authors introduce engineering psychology and human performance, and present an overview of the major aspects of engineering psychology, including: Signal Detection, Information Theory and Absolute Judgment, Attention in Perception and Display Space, Spatial Displays, Memory and Training 8. Decision Making 9. Selection of Action 10. Attention, Time sharing and Workload 11. Mental Workload, Stress, and Individual Differences: Cognitive and Neuroergonomic Perspectives 12. Automation 13. Epilogue
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TL;DR: This paper describes and evaluates explanations offered by these theories to account for the effect of extralist cuing, facilitation of recall of list items by nonlist items.
Journal ArticleDOI

Dual-task interference in simple tasks: Data and theory.

TL;DR: These conclusions challenge widely accepted ideas about attentional resources and probe reaction time methodologies and suggest new ways of thinking about continuous dual-task performance, effects of extraneous stimulation, and automaticity.
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Issues while using a laptop countinously

Continuous laptop use can hinder classroom learning for users and peers, leading to lower comprehension scores. Multitasking on laptops poses distractions and impacts lecture content understanding negatively.