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Laptop multitasking hinders classroom learning for both users and nearby peers

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TLDR
It is found that participants who multitasked on a laptop during a lecture scored lower on a test compared to those who did not multitask, and participants who were in direct view of a multitasking peer scored lower than those who were not.
Abstract
Laptops are commonplace in university classrooms. In light of cognitive psychology theory on costs associated with multitasking, we examined the effects of in-class laptop use on student learning in a simulated classroom. We found that participants who multitasked on a laptop during a lecture scored lower on a test compared to those who did not multitask, and participants who were in direct view of a multitasking peer scored lower on a test compared to those who were not. The results demonstrate that multitasking on a laptop poses a significant distraction to both users and fellow students and can be detrimental to comprehension of lecture content.

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Unregulated Use of Laptops over Time in Large Lecture Classes

TL;DR: A combination of surveys and in-class observations are used to study how students use their laptops in an unmonitored and unrestricted class setting—a large lecture-based university class with nearly 3000 enrolled students.
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Efficient, Helpful, or Distracting? A Literature Review of Media Multitasking in Relation to Academic Performance

TL;DR: This paper found that media multitasking interferes with attention and working memory, negatively affecting GPA, test performance, recall, reading comprehension, note-taking, self-regulation, and efficiency.
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TL;DR: In this paper, the influence of media multitasking in the context of students in technology-saturated classrooms and how this is impacting learning and academic performance was examined. And the authors highlighted the prevalence of multitasking both within and outside classroom and found that in-class multitasking was negatively predictive of current college GPA.
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The impact of computer usage on academic performance: Evidence from a randomized trial at the United States Military Academy

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present findings from a study that prohibited computer devices in randomly selected classrooms of an introductory economics course at the United States Military Academy and found that students assigned to classrooms that allowed computers were 0.18 standard deviations lower than exam scores of students in classrooms that prohibited computers.
References
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Issues while using a laptop countinously

Continuous laptop use can hinder classroom learning for users and peers, leading to lower comprehension scores. Multitasking on laptops poses distractions and impacts lecture content understanding negatively.