Q2. What is the role of lipids in cell growth and survival?
For instance, de novo synthesis of mono-unsaturated and saturated lipids plays key roles in signal transduction, intracellular trafficking, cell polarisation and migration (8-10).
Q3. what is the role of thiazolidinedione in the regulation of gam?
Thiazolidinedione activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma can enhance mitochondrial potential and promote cell survival.
Q4. What is the role of silibinin in the lipid metabolism of prostate cancer?
Silibinin activates AMPK, which in turnphosphorylates SREBP preventing SREBP cleavage and its subsequent nucleartranslocation and resultant activation of SREBP target genes (83, 84).
Q5. What is the role of PPAT in the development of cancer?
PPAT is able to promotetumour growth and migration through increased matrix metalloproteinaseactivity of MMP2 and MMP9, which are released into the tumourmicroenvironment (72).
Q6. What is the role of malonyl-coenzyme-A in prostate cancer?
Malonyl-coenzyme-A is a potential mediator of cytotoxicity induced by fatty-acid synthase inhibition in human breast cancer cells and xenografts.
Q7. What is the role of IL-6 in prostate cancer?
IL-6 is produced by theadipose tissue surrounding the prostate, such as the PPAT, and is involved inregulation of proliferative responses and cell death (78).
Q8. What is the role of androgens in lipid metabolism?
Androgens regulate the mRNA and protein expression of one of the key regulators of lipid metabolism, the sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP).
Q9. What are the main effects of the drugs on PC?
Several therapeutic agents, Warfarin, Fatostatin, Orlistat (green rectangles red lines) are known to block key processes in lipid metabolism and have a negative effect on PC progression.
Q10. What is the premise behind the use of TZD’sPPARG?
The premise behind their use being that upon treatment with TZD’sPPARG is activated and in a dose dependant manner relieving the effects ofhyperglycaemia.
Q11. What is the role of fatty acid synthase in prostate cancer?
High-level expression of fatty acid synthase in human prostate cancer tissues is linked to activation and nuclear localization of Akt/PKB.
Q12. What is the role of silibinin in the adipogeneis of prostate?
Another molecule, Fatostatin, a synthetic diarylthiazole derivative, is known toblock adipogeneis through inhibition of SREBP (85).
Q13. What is the role of SREBP1 in FA metabolism?
Key Regulators of Lipid Metabolism in PC Sterol Regulatory Element-Binding Protein 1 (SREBP1) SREBP1 is a master regulator in FA metabolism.
Q14. What is the role of statins in PC?
A UKregistry based study found that post-diagnosis statin use was associated withreduced PC mortality, particularly among patients who had used it prior to thediagnosis of PC (94).
Q15. What is the role of tazolidinediones in the treatment of type?
Thiazolidinediones (TZDs) are synthetic PPARG agonistsand have been successfully used in the treatment of type II diabetes, for reviewsee (87).
Q16. What is the mechanism behind the apoptosis of PC cells?
Inhibition of FASN has beenfound to cause selective apoptosis of cancer cell in multiple cancer types (100),however the mechanism behind this remains unclear.
Q17. How does stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 inhibit prostate cancer?
Fritz V, Benfodda Z, Rodier G, Henriquet C, Iborra F, Avances C, Allory Y, de la Taille A, Culine S, Blancou H, Cristol JP, Michel F, Sardet C, Fajas L. Abrogation of de novo lipogenesis by stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 inhibition interferes with oncogenic signaling and blocks prostate cancer progression in mice.
Q18. What is the role of PPARG in the development of prostate cancer?
their work as well as that of others suggests that PPARG does not affect the initiation of the primary tumour (34), at least in the mouse models examined, but has a role more specific to the development of aggressive metastatic disease (32).