Showing papers in "Pharmacological Research in 2018"

TL;DR: A novel hypothesis is suggested for the mechanism of action of AST in neuropathic pain following spinal cord injury and the therapeutic potentials, biological activities and benefical health effects of AST are focused on.

TL;DR: The aim of this paper was to overview the activities and underlying mechanisms of NPs against type 2 diabetes mellitus, and developments of anti‐T2DM agents will be greatly promoted with the increasing comprehensions of N Ps for their multiple regulating effects on various targets and signal pathways.

TL;DR: In this review, the regulatory mechanisms involved in both canonical and non‐canonical Nrf2 activation are discussed.

TL;DR: This review focuses on the possible molecular targets and pathways involved in diabetic complications and, in particular, the multi‐target approach of curcumin in attenuating diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy.

TL;DR: The anti-inflammatory activities of naringenin in various disease context and its potential use, as an immunomodulator, in the treatment of inflammatory related disease are discussed.

TL;DR: The role of some nutrients and, in particular, of healthy dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean diet and other emerging healthy diets, DASH (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension) and MIND (Mediterranean-DASH dietIntervention for Neurodegenerative Delay), for the maintenance of cognitive performance are reviewed.

TL;DR: Targeting mitochondrial dysfunction via VDAC1, to prevent this pro‐apoptotic activity, could represent a novel strategy for inhibiting cell death.

TL;DR: It is found that in Parkin deficient cells and parkin mutant human fibroblasts, the tether between ER and mitochondria is decreased and the site of Parkin dependent ubiquitination is identified and it is shown that the non‐ubiquitinatable Mfn2 mutant fails to restore ER‐mitochondria physical and functional interaction.

TL;DR: Vemurafenib and dabrafenib are B-RafV600E inhibitors that were approved for the treatment of melanomas bearing the V600E mutation and produce the paradoxical activation of the MAP kinase pathway in wild type BRAF cells.

TL;DR: The findings suggest HSYA may be a potential therapeutic drug for obesity and the gut microbiota may be potential territory for targeting of HSYA.

TL;DR: The multiple instruments used by clinicians that constitute the current strategies for primary and secondary prevention aiming at contrasting the onset of early and late doxorubicin‐induced cardiotoxic events are discussed.

TL;DR: The Schrödinger induced-fit docking protocol was used to model the interaction of several antagonists with PDGFRα including imatinib, sorafenib, and sunitinib and results indicate that these antagonists are able to bind to the DFG-Dout conformation of the receptor and are thus classified as type II inhibitors.

TL;DR: Evidence regarding the anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic and anti-oxidative potential of irisin pertaining to various pathological conditions, including obesity and type 2 diabetes is presented.

TL;DR: The TGF‐&bgr;1 signaling pathway is proposed as a common pharmacological target in depression and AD, and the potential rescue of TGF-1 signaling by antidepressants as a way to prevent the transition from depression to AD is discussed.

TL;DR: Experimental evidence available so far that supports targeting VEGFR‐1 signal transduction pathway for cancer treatment is examined by competitive inhibitors that prevent growth factor interaction with the receptor and non‐competitive inhibitors that hamper receptor activation without affecting ligand binding.

TL;DR: Inclusion of the fruit in one’s diet would assist in a healthy life protected from cancer and also act as an effective chemotherapeutic with no toxic side effects.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that Pal ameliorated DSS‐induced colitis by mitigating colonic injury, preventing gut microbiota dysbiosis, and regulating tryptophan catabolism, which indicated that Pal has great therapeutic potential for colitis.

TL;DR: Some components of the gut microbiota – predominantly bacteria – synthesize and release amyloid peptides and lipopolysaccharides, which in turn activate inflammatory signalling through the release of cytokines, with potential effects on the pathophysiological cascade of Alzheimer disease.

TL;DR: It is concluded that currently available supplements and functional foods can effectively reduce plasma LDL cholesterol levels by about 5 to 25%, either alone or in combination.

TL;DR: This review summarizes the potential of tocotrienols for the prevention and treatment of different cancers based on the available in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies.

TL;DR: The impact and mechanism of action of statins on cardiovascular and non‐cardiovascular diseases are focused on.

TL;DR: Several products derived from natural sources modulate the expression and activity of multiple transcription factors in various tumor models as evident from studies conducted in cell lines, pre‐clinical models and clinical samples.

TL;DR: The progress on pharmacological activities and mechanisms of dioscin are summarized to provide useful data for development and exploration of this natural product in the further.

TL;DR: These new treatments provide a promising outlook in the treatment of BCBM and the mechanisms of novel dosage formulations such as nanoparticles, liposomes, pegylation, the concepts of enhanced permeation and retention, and drugs utilizing these concepts involved in clinical trials are discussed.

TL;DR: The complementary therapy to gemcitabine with phytosome complex of curcumin is not only safe but also efficiently translate in a good response rate in first line therapy of advanced pancreatic cancer.

TL;DR: Three clinical applications of population PK models applied to antibiotics are highlighted, including dosing evaluation of old antibiotics, setting clinical breakpoints and dosing individualization using therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM).

TL;DR: This review emphasizes the p53 activation as a promising therapeutic strategy to reprogram tumor glucose metabolism, conducting to cell death, and potential synergisms between p53-activating agents and metabolic inhibitors are discussed, fostering the improvement of cancer therapy.

TL;DR: The role of serotonin in ASD from the perspective of the ENS is reviewed because a murine model that has been demonstrated to possess brain, behavioral and GI abnormalities mimicking those seen in ASD harbors the most common serotonin transporter (SERT) based mutation found in children with ASD.

TL;DR: An overview of NOACs PK profiles and their drug‐drug interactions potential is given to be of help to physicians in choosing the best therapeutic approach for their patients.

TL;DR: Findings suggest that genipin can serve as both a prominent anticancer agent as well as a potent crosslinking drug that may find useful application in several novel pharmaceutical formulations.