Mechanical cell-matrix feedback explains pairwise and collective endothelial cell behavior in vitro.
René F.M. van Oers,Elisabeth G. Rens,Danielle J. LaValley,Cynthia A. Reinhart-King,Roeland M. H. Merks +4 more
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TLDR
A single set of biologically plausible rules describing the contractile forces that endothelial cells exert on the ECM, the resulting strains in the extracellular matrix, and the cellular response to the strains suffices for reproducing the behavior of individual endothelium cells and the interactions of endothelial cell pairs in compliant matrices are shown.Abstract:
In vitro cultures of endothelial cells are a widely used model system of the collective behavior of endothelial cells during vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. When seeded in an extracellular matrix, endothelial cells can form blood vessel-like structures, including vascular networks and sprouts. Endothelial morphogenesis depends on a large number of chemical and mechanical factors, including the compliancy of the extracellular matrix, the available growth factors, the adhesion of cells to the extracellular matrix, cell-cell signaling, etc. Although various computational models have been proposed to explain the role of each of these biochemical and biomechanical effects, the understanding of the mechanisms underlying in vitro angiogenesis is still incomplete. Most explanations focus on predicting the whole vascular network or sprout from the underlying cell behavior, and do not check if the same model also correctly captures the intermediate scale: the pairwise cell-cell interactions or single cell responses to ECM mechanics. Here we show, using a hybrid cellular Potts and finite element computational model, that a single set of biologically plausible rules describing (a) the contractile forces that endothelial cells exert on the ECM, (b) the resulting strains in the extracellular matrix, and (c) the cellular response to the strains, suffices for reproducing the behavior of individual endothelial cells and the interactions of endothelial cell pairs in compliant matrices. With the same set of rules, the model also reproduces network formation from scattered cells, and sprouting from endothelial spheroids. Combining the present mechanical model with aspects of previously proposed mechanical and chemical models may lead to a more complete understanding of in vitro angiogenesis.read more
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Mechanoreciprocity in cell migration.
TL;DR: How the bi-directional relationship of cell–tissue interactions (mechanoreciprocity) allows cells to change position and contributes to single-cell and collective movement, structural and molecular tissue organization, and cell fate decisions is discussed.
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Simulating tissue mechanics with agent-based models: concepts, perspectives and some novel results
TL;DR: An overview of agent-based models that are used to simulate mechanical and physiological phenomena in cells and tissues is presented, and the underlying concepts, limitations, and future perspectives of these models are discussed.
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Physical models of collective cell motility: from cell to tissue.
TL;DR: A range of techniques are discussed, ranging from models that represent cells as simple self-propelled particles to phase field models that can represent a cell's shape and dynamics in great detail, which extensively review the ways in which cells within a tissue choose their direction.
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Extracellular Matrix Components HAPLN1, Lumican, and Collagen I Cause Hyaluronic Acid-Dependent Folding of the Developing Human Neocortex.
Katherine R. Long,Ben Newland,Ben Newland,Marta Florio,Nereo Kalebic,Barbara Langen,Anna Kolterer,Pauline Wimberger,Wieland B. Huttner +8 more
TL;DR: This work investigates the potential role of ECM in the formation of neocortical folds and focuses on three specific ECM components localized in the human fetal cortical plate: hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1, lumican and collagen I (collectively, HLC).
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Cell-cell junctional mechanotransduction in endothelial remodeling.
TL;DR: Recent advances in the current understanding of mechanotransduction responses at, and derived from, endothelial cell–cell junctions are highlighted and their importance for vascular barrier function and remodeling in development, inflammation, and vascular disease is discussed.
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