Journal ArticleDOI
Membrane tumour necrosis factor-α is involved in the polyclonal B-cell activation induced by HIV-infected human T cells
Donatella Macchia,Fabio Almerigogna,Paola Parronchi,Adriana Ravina,Enrico Maggi,Sergio Romagnani +5 more
TLDR
It is shown that HIV-infected T-cell clones do not express the CD40 ligand (CD40L), a molecule critical for non-cognate B-cell activation, but a small proportion of them do express membrane tumour-necrosis factor (TNF)-α, which seems to be involved in the polyclonal B- cell activation induced by HIV- infected T cells.Abstract:
Infection of CD4+ T cells by human immune deficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) causes severe dysfunction of cellular immunity, but paradoxically results in intense polyclonal activation of B cells, possibly accounting for both hypergammaglobulinaemia and frequent development of B-cell malignancies seen in HIV-infected patients. We have reported that human CD4+ T-cell clones infected with HIV in vitro markedly stimulate immunoglobulin synthesis by B cells through a non-cognate, contact-dependent mechanism. We show here that HIV-infected T-cell clones do not express the CD40 ligand (CD40L), a molecule critical for non-cognate B-cell activation, but a small proportion of them do express membrane tumour-necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. The ability of HIV-infected T-cell clones to induce polyclonal B-cell activation appears to be restricted to TNF-alpha-positive T blasts and is inhibited by antibodies against both TNF-alpha and TNF-alpha receptor. Freshly isolated CD4+ T cells from HIV-infected individuals express TNF-alpha on the cell membrane and induce TNF-alpha-mediated immunoglobulin production by B cells. Thus, membrane TNF-alpha seems to be involved in the polyclonal B-cell activation induced by HIV-infected T cells.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Activation of human dendritic cells through CD40 cross-linking.
Christophe Caux,Catherine Massacrier,Béatrice Vanbervliet,Bertrand Dubois,C. van Kooten,Isabelle Durand,Jacques Banchereau +6 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that dendritic Langerhans cells (D-Lc) generated by culturing cord blood CD34+ progenitor cells with granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) express functional CD40 at a density higher than that found on B cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
The CD40 Antigen and its Ligand
Jacques Banchereau,F Bazan,D Blanchard,Francine Brière,Jean-Pierre Galizzi,C. van Kooten,Yong-Jun Liu,Françoise Rousset,Sem Saeland +8 more
TL;DR: As other members of the tumor necrosis factor receptor family have been shown to bind several ligands, it is possible that CD40 may bind other ligands that may trigger CD40 on different cell types such as hematopoietic cells or epithelial cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Immune and inflammatory responses in TNF alpha-deficient mice: a critical requirement for TNF alpha in the formation of primary B cell follicles, follicular dendritic cell networks and germinal centers, and in the maturation of the humoral immune response.
TL;DR: A physiological role for TNF alpha in regulating the development and organization of splenic follicular architecture and in the maturation of the humoral immune response is established.
Journal ArticleDOI
Transmembrane TNF-α: structure, function and interaction with anti-TNF agents
TL;DR: The biology of transmembrane TNF-α and its interaction with anti-TNF agents will contribute to understanding the bases of differential clinical efficacy of these promising treatment modalities.
References
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HIV infection is active and progressive in lymphoid tissue during the clinically latent stage of disease
Giuseppe Pantaleo,Cecilia Graziosi,James F. Demarest,Luca Butini,Maria Montroni,Cecil H. Fox,Jan M. Orenstein,Donald P. Kotler,Anthony S. Fauci +8 more
TL;DR: It is reported that in early-stage disease there is a dichotomy between the levels of viral burden and virus replication in peripheral blood versus lymphoid organs.
Journal ArticleDOI
Abnormalities of B-cell activation and immunoregulation in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
TL;DR: The scope of immune dysfunction in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome involves B cells as well as T cells, and it is concluded that the manifestations of B-cell hyperreactivity, such as hypergammaglobulinemia, seen in these patients are due to an in vivo polyclonal activation of B cells.
Journal ArticleDOI
Massive covert infection of helper T lymphocytes and macrophages by HIV during the incubation period of AIDS
Janet Embretson,Mary Zupancic,Jorge L. Ribas,Alien Burke,Paul Racz,Klara Tenner-Racz,Ashley T. Haase +6 more
TL;DR: An extraordinarily large number of latently infected CD4+ lymphocytes and macrophages are discovered throughout the lymphoid system from early to late stages of infection, and the extracellular association of HIV with follicular dendritic cells is confirmed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Molecular and biological characterization of a murine ligand for CD40
Richard J. Armitage,William C. Fanslow,Laura Strockbine,Timothy A. Sato,Ky N. Clifford,Brian M. Macduff,Dirk M. Anderson,Steven D. Gimpel,Terri Davis-Smith,Charles R. Maliszewski,Edward A. Clark,Craig A. Smith,Kenneth H. Grabstein,David Cosman,Melanie K. Spriggs +14 more
TL;DR: The cloning of a ligand for CD40 that is expressed on the cell surface of activated T cells and mediates B-cell proliferation in the absence of co-stimulus, as well as IgE production in the presence of interIeukin-4 is reported.
Journal ArticleDOI
Qualitative analysis of immune function in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Evidence for a selective defect in soluble antigen recognition.
TL;DR: The lymphocytes of patients with AIDS, although capable of undergoing a normal degree of blast transformation and lymphokine production after mitogenic stimulation, have an intrinsic defect in their ability to recognize and respond to soluble antigen.