Molecular phylogenetics and biogeography of galaxiid fishes (Osteichthyes: Galaxiidae): dispersal, vicariance, and the position of Lepidogalaxias salamandroides.
TLDR
The species-rich genus Galaxias is shown to be polyphyletic and the generic taxonomy of the Galaxiinae is reassessed in the light of phylogenetic relationships, and the loss of this migratory phase may be a major cause of speciation.Abstract:
The galaxiid fishes exhibit a gondwanan distribution. We use mitochondrial DNA sequences to test conflicting vicariant and dispersal biogeographic hypotheses regarding the Southern Hemisphere range of this freshwater group. Although phylogenetic resolution of cytochrome b and 16S rRNA sequences is largely limited to more recent divergences, our data indicate that the radiation can be interpreted as several relatively recent dispersal events superimposed on an ancient gondwanan radiation. Genetic relationships contradict the findings of recent morphological analyses of galaxioid fishes. In particular, we examine several hypotheses regarding phylogenetic placement of the enigmatic Lepidogalaxias. Although most workers consider Lepidogalaxias to be an unusual scaled member of the Southern Hemisphere galaxioids, it has also been suggested that this species is related to the Northern Hemisphere esocoids. Our data strongly suggest that this species is not a galaxiid, and the alternative hypothesized esocoid relationship cannot be rejected. The species-rich genus Galaxias is shown to be polyphyletic and the generic taxonomy of the Galaxiinae is reassessed in the light of phylogenetic relationships. Juvenile saltwater-tolerance is phylogenetically distributed throughout the Galaxiinae, and the loss of this migratory phase may be a major cause of speciation.read more
Citations
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Southern Hemisphere Biogeography Inferred by Event-Based Models: Plant versus Animal Patterns
TL;DR: The results confirm the hybrid origin of the South American biota: there has been surprisingly little biotic exchange between the northern tropical and the southern temperate regions of South America, especially for animals.
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Repeatability of clades as a criterion of reliability: a case study for molecular phylogeny of Acanthomorpha (Teleostei) with larger number of taxa.
TL;DR: This study represents the most extensive taxonomic sampling effort to date to collect new molecular characters for phylogenetic analysis of acanthomorph fishes, with new and reliable clades emerging from this study of the acanthomorphic radiation.
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Crying wolf, crying foul, or crying shame: alien salmonids and a biodiversity crisis in the southern cool-temperate galaxioid fishes?
TL;DR: The galaxioid fishes are the dominant, most speciose group of freshwater fishes (with >50 species) in the lands of the cool southern hemisphere, with representatives in western and eastern Australia, Tasmania, New Caledonia, Lord Howe Island, New Zealand, the Chatham, Auckland and Campbell Islands, Patagonian South America.
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New Caledonia: a very old Darwinian island?
Philippe Grandcolas,Jérôme Murienne,Tony Robillard,Laure Desutter-Grandcolas,Hervé Jourdan,Eric Guilbert,Louis Deharveng +6 more
TL;DR: New Caledonia must be considered as a very old Darwinian island, a concept that offers many more fascinating opportunities of study, as it is contradicted by geological evidence indicating long Palaeocene and Eocene submersions and by recent biogeographic and phylogenetic studies.
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Individual, Population, Community, and Ecosystem Consequences of a Fish Invader in New Zealand Streams
TL;DR: A series of coordinated studies in New Zealand streams that address the effect of an exotic fish on indi- vidual behavior, population, community, and ecosystem patterns are cobbled together.
References
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Biogeography of a southern hemisphere freshwater fish: how important is marine dispersal?
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Patterns of Nucleotide Change in Mitochondrial Ribosomal RNA Genes and the Phylogeny of Piranhas
TL;DR: Phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial DNA sequences suggests that a clade formed by the generaPiaractus, Colossoma, andMylossoma is the sister group to all other serrasalmins and that theGeneraMyleus, Serrasalmus, andPristobrycon are paraphyletic.
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Phylogeny of Pacific salmon and trout based on growth hormone type-2 and mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 DNA sequences
TL;DR: The phylogeny inferred by total evidence cladistic analysis of the data combined with five different morphological, biochemical, and DNA character sets provides evidence that the common ancestor of rainbow and cutthroat trout was the first to diverge from the proto-Oncorhynchus evolutionary line, which then radiated to form the seven extant Pacific salmon species.