Pathophysiology and treatment of type 2 diabetes: perspectives on the past, present, and future
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TLDR
More effective therapies to slow progressive loss of β-cell function are needed and additional long-term studies of drugs and bariatric surgery are needed to identify new ways to prevent and treat type 2 diabetes and thereby reduce the harmful effects of this disease.About:
This article is published in The Lancet.The article was published on 2014-03-22 and is currently open access. It has received 1219 citations till now. The article focuses on the topics: Insulin resistance & Insulin.read more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Ralph A. DeFronzo,Ele Ferrannini,Leif Groop,Robert R. Henry,William H. Herman,Jens J. Holst,Frank B. Hu,C. Ronald Kahn,Itamar Raz,Gerald I. Shulman,Donald C. Simonson,Marcia A. Testa,Ram Weiss +12 more
TL;DR: The greatest need is for agents that enhance insulin sensitivity, halt the progressive pancreatic β-cell failure that is characteristic of T2DM and prevent or reverse the microvascular complications.
Bariatric Surgery and Long-term Cardiovascular Events
Lars Sjöström,Markku Peltonen,Peter Jacobson,C. David Sjöström,Kristjan Karason,Hans Wedel,Sofie Ahlin,Åsa Anveden,Calle Bengtsson,Gerd Bergmark,Claude Bouchard,Björn Carlsson,Sven Dahlgren,Jan Karlsson,Anna Karin Lindroos,Hans Lönroth,Kristina Narbro,Ingmar Näslund,Torsten Olbers,Per-Arne Svensson,Lena M. S. Carlsson +20 more
TL;DR: Compared with usual care, bariatric surgery was associated with reduced number of cardiovascular deaths and lower incidence of cardiovascular events in obese adults.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mortality and Cardiovascular Disease in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
Aidin Rawshani,Araz Rawshani,Stefan Franzén,Björn Eliasson,Ann-Marie Svensson,Mervete Miftaraj,Darren K. McGuire,Naveed Sattar,Annika Rosengren,Soffia Gudbjörnsdottir +9 more
TL;DR: In Sweden from 1998 through 2014, mortality and the incidence of cardiovascular outcomes declined substantially among persons with diabetes, although fatal outcomes declined less among those with type 2 diabetes than among controls.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cognitive decline and dementia in diabetes mellitus: mechanisms and clinical implications.
Geert Jan Biessels,Florin Despa +1 more
TL;DR: The evolving insights from studies on risk factors, brain imaging and neuropathology are reviewed, which provide important clues on mechanisms of both the subtle cognitive decrements and the more severe stages of cognitive dysfunction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hepatic Acetyl CoA Links Adipose Tissue Inflammation to Hepatic Insulin Resistance and Type 2 Diabetes
Rachel J. Perry,Joao Paulo Camporez,Romy Kursawe,Paul M. Titchenell,Dongyan Zhang,Curtis J. Perry,Michael J. Jurczak,Abulizi Abudukadier,Myoung Sook Han,Xian-Man Zhang,Hai Bin Ruan,Xiaoyong Yang,Sonia Caprio,Susan M. Kaech,Hei Sook Sul,Morris J. Birnbaum,Roger J. Davis,Gary W. Cline,Kitt Falk Petersen,Gerald I. Shulman,Gerald I. Shulman +20 more
TL;DR: WAT-derived hepatic acetyl CoA is identified as the main regulator of HGP by insulin and link it to inflammation-induced hepatic insulin resistance associated with obesity and T2D.
References
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Reduction in the incidence of type 2 diabetes with lifestyle intervention or metformin.
William C. Knowler,Elizabeth Barrett-Connor,Sarah E. Fowler,Richard F. Hamman,John M. Lachin,Elizabeth A. Walker,David M. Nathan +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared a lifestyle intervention with metformin to prevent or delay the development of Type 2 diabetes in nondiabetic individuals. And they found that the lifestyle intervention was significantly more effective than the medication.
Journal Article
Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33)
R C Turner,Rury R. Holman,Carole A. Cull,Irene M Stratton,David R Matthews,V Frighi,Susan E. Manley,Andrew Neil,K McElroy,D Wright,E. M. Kohner,Caroline S. Fox,D R Hadden,Z Mehta,Albert V. Smith,Z Nugent,Richard Peto,A I Adlel,Jim Mann,P A Bassett,S. Oakes,Tim Dornan,Stephen J Aldington,H Lipinski,R Collum,K Harrison,C MacIntyre,S Skinner,A Mortemore,D Nelson,S Cockley,S Levien,L Bodsworth,R Willox,T Biggs,S Dove,E Beattie,M Gradwell,S Staples,R Lam,F Taylor,L Leung,R D Carter,S M Brownlee,K E Fisher,K Islam,R. Jelfs,P A Williams,F A Williams,P J Sutton,A Ayres,Lisa Logie,C Lovatt,M A Evans,L A Stowell,I Ross,I A Kennedy,D. J. Croft,A H Keen,C Rose,M Raikou,A E Fletcher,Christopher J. Bulpitt,Clare Battersby,J S Yudkin,Richard Stevens,M R Stearn,S L Palmer,M S Hammersley,S L Franklin,R S Spivey,Jonathan C. Levy,C R Tidy,N J Bell,J Steemson,B A Barrow,R Coster,K Waring,L Nolan,E Truscott,N Walravens,L Cook,H Lampard,C Merle,P Parker,J McVittie,I Draisey,L E Murchison,Brunt Ahe.,M J Williams,D W Pearson,Petrie Xmp.,Lean Mej.,D Walmsley,F Lyall,E Christie,J Church,E Thomson,A Farrow,J M Stowers,M Stowers,K McHardy,N Patterson,Alex D. Wright,N A Levi,Shearer Aci.,Thompson Rjw.,G Taylor,S Rayton,M Bradbury,A Glover,A Smyth-Osbourne,C Parkes,J Graham,P England,S Gyde,C Eagle,B Chakrabarti,Josh Smith,J Sherwell,N. W. Oakley,M. Whitehead,G P Hollier,T. Pilkington,J Simpson,Michael W. Anderson,S Martin,J Kean,B Rice,A Rolland,J Nisbet,E M Kohner,A Dornhorst,M C Doddridge,M Dumskyij,S Walji,P Sharp,M Sleightholm,G Vanterpool,G Frost,M Roseblade,S Elliott,S Forrester,Meredith C. Foster,K Myers,R Chapman,J R Hayes,R W Henry,M S Featherston,Archbold Gpr.,M Copeland,R Harper,I Richardson,H A Davison,L Alexander,Scarpello Jhb.,D E Shiers,R J Tucker,Worthington Jrh.,S Angris,A Bates,J Walton,M Teasdale,J Browne,S Stanley,B A Davis,R C Strange,Hadden,L Kennedy,A B Atkinson,P M Bell,D R McCance,J Rutherford,A M Culbert,C Hegan,H Tennet,N Webb,I Robinson,J Holmes,S Nesbitt,A S Spathis,S Hyer,M E Nanson,L M James,J M Tyrell,C Davis,P Strugnell,M Booth,H Petrie,D Clark,S Hulland,J L Barron,B C Gould,J Singer,A Badenoch,M McGregor,L Isenberg,M Eckert,K Alibhai,E Marriot,Christopher E. Cox,R Price,M Fernandez,A Ryle,S Clarke,G Wallace,E Mehmed,J A Lankester,E Howard,A Waite,S MacFarlane,R H Greenwood,J Wilson,M J Denholm,R C Temple,K Whitfield,F Johnson,C Munroe,S Gorick,E Duckworth,M Fatman,S Rainbow,L J Borthwick,D J Wheatcroft,R J Seaman,R A Christie,W Wheatcroft,P Musk,Jennifer White,S McDougal,M Bond,P Raniga,J L Day,M J Doshi,James G. Wilson,J. Howard-Williams,H Humphreys,A Graham,K Hicks,S Hexman,P Bayliss,D Pledger,R W Newton,R T Jung,C Roxburgh,B Kilgallon,L Dick,N Waugh,S Kilby,A Ellingford,J Burns,C Fox,M C Holloway,H M Coghill,N Hein,A J Fox,W Cowan,M Richard,K Quested,S J Evans,Richard B Paisey,Brown Npr.,A J Tucker,R Paisey,F Garrett,J Hogg,P Park,K Williams,P Harvey,R Wilcocks,S Mason,J. C. Frost,C Warren,P Rocket,L Bower,J M Roland,D J Brown,J Youens,K Stanton-King,H Mungall,V Ball,W Maddison,D Donnelly,S King,P Griffin,Sidney C. Smith,S Church,Graham Dunn,Andrew D. Wilson,K Palmer,P M Brown,D Humphriss,Davidson Ajm.,Richard Rose,L Armistead,S Townsend,P Poon,Peacock Ida.,Culverwell Njc.,M H Charlton,Connolly Bps.,J Peacock,J Barrett,J Wain,W Beeston,George L. King,P G Hill,Boulton Ajm.,A M Robertson,V Katoulis,A Olukoga,H McDonald,S Kumar,F Abouaesha,B Abuaisha,E A Knowles,S Higgins,J Booker,J Sunter,K Breislin,R Parker,P Raval,J Curwell,H Davenport,G Shawcross,A Prest,J Grey,H Cole,C Sereviratne,R J Young,J R Clyne,M Gibson,I O'Connell,L M Wong,S J Wilson,K L Wright,Chris Wallace,D McDowell,A C Burden,E M Sellen,R Gregory,M Roshan,N Vaghela,M Burden,C Sherriff,S Mansingh,J Clarke,J Grenfell,Je Tooke,K. M. MacLeod,C Seamark,M Rammell,C Pym,J Stockman,C Yeo,J Piper,L Leighton,Ellen Green,M Hoyle,K Jones,A Hudson,A J James,Angela C. Shore,A Higham,B Martin,Neil Haw.,Butterfield Wjh.,Doll Wrs.,R Eastman,F R Ferris,N Kurinij,K McPherson,R F Mahler,Tom W. Meade,G Shafer,P J Watkins,H Keen,D Siegel,D J Betteridge,R D Cohen,D Currie,Julie L Darbyshire,J V Forrester,T Guppy,D G Johnston,Alistair McGuire,Mike Murphy,A M el-Nahas,B Pentecost,D Spiegelhalter,Alberti Kgmm.,R Denton,Philip Home,S Howell,Jarrett,V Marks,Michael Marmot,J D Ward,Grp Ukpds. +398 more
TL;DR: In this article, the effects of intensive blood-glucose control with either sulphonylurea or insulin and conventional treatment on the risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes in a randomised controlled trial were compared.
Journal ArticleDOI
Role of Insulin Resistance in Human Disease
TL;DR: The possibility is raised that resistance to insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and hyperinsulinemia are involved in the etiology and clinical course of three major related diseases— NIDDM, hypertension, and CAD.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prevention of type 2 diabetes mellitus by changes in lifestyle among subjects with impaired glucose tolerance.
Jaakko Tuomilehto,Jon Lindstrom,Johan G. Eriksson,Valle Tt,Helena Hämäläinen,Pirjo Ilanne-Parikka,Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi S,Mauri Laakso,Anne Louheranta,Rastas M,Salminen,Matti Uusitupa +11 more
TL;DR: Type 2 diabetes can be prevented by changes in the lifestyles of high-risk subjects by means of individualized counseling aimed at reducing weight, total intake of fat, and intake of saturated fat and increasing intake of fiber and physical activity.
Journal Article
Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group.
R C Turner,C Fox,Matthews,H McElroy,Carole A. Cull,Rury R. Holman,P. A. Neil,D R Hadden,D Wright,E Manley,Irene M Stratton,UK Prospective Diabetes,E M Kohner,Frighi,Michael Gnant +14 more
TL;DR: The effects of intensive blood-glucose control with either sulphonylurea or insulin and conventional treatment on the risk of microvascular and macrovascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes in a randomised controlled trial were compared.