PINK1 Protects against Oxidative Stress by Phosphorylating Mitochondrial Chaperone TRAP1
TLDR
The identification of TNF receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1), a mitochondrial molecular chaperone also known as heat shock protein 75 (Hsp75), as a cellular substrate for PINK1 kinase is reported, and a novel pathway by which Pink1 phosphorylates downstream effector TRAP1 to prevent oxidative-stress-induced apoptosis is suggested.Abstract:
Mutations in the PTEN induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) gene cause an autosomal recessive form of Parkinson disease (PD). So far, no substrates of PINK1 have been reported, and the mechanism by which PINK1 mutations lead to neurodegeneration is unknown. Here we report the identification of TNF receptor-associated protein 1 (TRAP1), a mitochondrial molecular chaperone also known as heat shock protein 75 (Hsp75), as a cellular substrate for PINK1 kinase. PINK1 binds and colocalizes with TRAP1 in the mitochondria and phosphorylates TRAP1 both in vitro and in vivo. We show that PINK1 protects against oxidative-stress-induced cell death by suppressing cytochrome c release from mitochondria, and this protective action of PINK1 depends on its kinase activity to phosphorylate TRAP1. Moreover, we find that the ability of PINK1 to promote TRAP1 phosphorylation and cell survival is impaired by PD-linked PINK1 G309D, L347P, and W437X mutations. Our findings suggest a novel pathway by which PINK1 phosphorylates downstream effector TRAP1 to prevent oxidative-stress-induced apoptosis and implicate the dysregulation of this mitochondrial pathway in PD pathogenesis.read more
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Hereditary Early-Onset Parkinson's Disease Caused by Mutations in PINK1
Eriza Maria Valente,Patrick M. Abou-Sleiman,Viviana Caputo,Miratul M. K. Muqit,Kirsten Harvey,Suzana Gispert,Zeeshan Ali,Domenico Del Turco,Anna Rita Bentivoglio,Daniel G. Healy,Alberto Albanese,Robert L. Nussbaum,Rafael González-Maldonado,Thomas Deller,S Salvi,Pietro Cortelli,William P. Gilks,David S. Latchman,Roberk J. Harvey,Bruno Dallapiccola,Georg Auburger,Nicholas W. Wood +21 more
TL;DR: The identification of two homozygous mutations affecting the PINK1 kinase domain in three consanguineous PARK6 families provide a direct molecular link between mitochondria and the pathogenesis of PD.
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TL;DR: Results indicated a specific defect of Complex I activity in the substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson's disease, which adds further support to the proposition that Parkinson’s disease may be due to an environmental toxin with action(s) similar to those of MPTP.
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