Journal ArticleDOI
Pleistocene Homo sapiens from Middle Awash, Ethiopia
Tim D. White,Berhane Asfaw,David DeGusta,Henry Gilbert,Gary D. Richards,Gen Suwa,F. Clark Howell +6 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
Fossilized hominid crania from Herto, Middle Awash, Ethiopia are described and provide crucial evidence on the location, timing and contextual circumstances of the emergence of Homo sapiens.Abstract:
The origin of anatomically modern Homo sapiens and the fate of Neanderthals have been fundamental questions in human evolutionary studies for over a century. A key barrier to the resolution of these questions has been the lack of substantial and accurately dated African hominid fossils from between 100,000 and 300,000 years ago. Here we describe fossilized hominid crania from Herto, Middle Awash, Ethiopia, that fill this gap and provide crucial evidence on the location, timing and contextual circumstances of the emergence of Homo sapiens. Radioisotopically dated to between 160,000 and 154,000 years ago, these new fossils predate classic Neanderthals and lack their derived features. The Herto hominids are morphologically and chronologically intermediate between archaic African fossils and later anatomically modern Late Pleistocene humans. They therefore represent the probable immediate ancestors of anatomically modern humans. Their anatomy and antiquity constitute strong evidence of modern-human emergence in Africa.read more
Citations
More filters
Differential Susceptibility to Hypertension Is Due to Selection during the Out-of-Africa
Expansion Hunter Young,Yen Pei C. Chang,James Kim,Jean-Paul Chretien,Michael J. Klag,Michael A. Levine,Christopher B. Ruff,Nae Yuh Wang,Aravinda Chakravarti +8 more
TL;DR: The most important selection pressure was climate, which produced a latitudinal cline in heat adaptation and, therefore, hypertension susceptibility as mentioned in this paper, which is consistent worldwide and is largely unmatched by latitudinalclines in non-functional markers.
Book
Transitions before the transition : evolution and stability in the Middle Paleolithic and middle Stone Age
Erella Hovers,Steven L. Kuhn +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the evolution and change in the Middle Paleolithic of Africa and the Middle Stone Age in the Kapthurin Formation, Kenya, and the use of space in the Late Middle Stone age of Rose Cottage Cave, South Africa.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Evolution of Human Genetic and Phenotypic Variation in Africa
TL;DR: This review summarizes some recent advances in understanding of the demographic history and selective pressures that have influenced levels and patterns of diversity in African populations.
Journal ArticleDOI
Body size and body shape in early hominins – implications of the Gona Pelvis
TL;DR: The mediolaterally very wide Gona pelvis fits within the distribution of other lower latitude Early and Middle Pleistocene specimens, and below that of higher latitude specimens, indicating ecogeographic variation in body breadth was present among earlier hominins as it is in living humans.
Journal ArticleDOI
Early modern human diversity suggests subdivided population structure and a complex out-of-Africa scenario
Philipp Gunz,Fred L. Bookstein,Philipp Mitteroecker,Andrea Stadlmayr,Horst Seidler,Gerhard W. Weber +5 more
TL;DR: It is suggested that early modern humans were already divided into different populations in Pleistocene Africa, after which there followed a complex migration pattern.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Mitochondrial genome variation and the origin of modern humans
TL;DR: The global mtDNA diversity in humans is described based on analyses of the complete mtDNA sequence of 53 humans of diverse origins, providing a concurrent view on human evolution with respect to the age of modern humans.
Journal ArticleDOI
The phylogeography of Y chromosome binary haplotypes and the origins of modern human populations
Peter A. Underhill,Giuseppe Passarino,A. A. Lin,Peidong Shen,Marta Mirazón Lahr,Marta Mirazón Lahr,Robert Foley,Peter J. Oefner,Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza +8 more
TL;DR: A set of unique event polymorphisms associated with the non‐recombining portion of the Y‐chromosome (NRY) addresses this issue by providing evidence concerning successful migrations originating from Africa, which can be interpreted as subsequent colonizations, differentiations and migrations overlaid upon previous population ranges.
Journal ArticleDOI
Australopithecus ramidus, a new species of early hominid from Aramis, Ethiopia
TL;DR: The antiquity and primitive morphology of A. ramidus suggests that it represents a long-sought potential root species for the Hominidae.
Journal ArticleDOI
Out of Africa again and again.
TL;DR: A coherent picture of recent human evolution emerges with two major themes: first is the dominant role that Africa has played in shaping the modern human gene pool through at least two—not one—major expansions after the original range extension of Homo erectus out of Africa, and second is the ubiquity of genetic interchange between human populations.
Book ChapterDOI
Progress and Prospects
TL;DR: Improvement in understanding has led in some cases to better management with improved outcome for the patient, whereas in other areas the way is now clear towards a better prospect for the future.
Related Papers (5)
Stratigraphic placement and age of modern humans from Kibish, Ethiopia
The revolution that wasn't: a new interpretation of the origin of modern human behavior.
Sally McBrearty,Alison S. Brooks +1 more
Mitochondrial DNA and human evolution
A Draft Sequence of the Neandertal Genome
Richard E. Green,Johannes Krause,Adrian W. Briggs,Tomislav Maricic,Udo Stenzel,Martin Kircher,Nick Patterson,Heng Li,Weiwei Zhai,Markus Hsi-Yang Fritz,Nancy F. Hansen,Eric Durand,Anna-Sapfo Malaspinas,Jeffrey D. Jensen,Tomas Marques-Bonet,Tomas Marques-Bonet,Can Alkan,Kay Prüfer,Matthias Meyer,Hernán A. Burbano,Jeffrey M. Good,Jeffrey M. Good,Rigo Schultz,Ayinuer Aximu-Petri,Anne Butthof,Barbara Höber,Barbara Höffner,Madien Siegemund,Antje Weihmann,Chad Nusbaum,Eric S. Lander,Carsten Russ,Nathaniel Novod,Jason P. Affourtit,Michael Egholm,Christine Verna,Pavao Rudan,Dejana Brajković,Željko Kućan,Ivan Gušić,Vladimir B. Doronichev,Liubov V. Golovanova,Carles Lalueza-Fox,Marco de la Rasilla,Javier Fortea,Antonio Rosas,Ralf Schmitz,Philip L. F. Johnson,Evan E. Eichler,Daniel Falush,Ewan Birney,James C. Mullikin,Montgomery Slatkin,Rasmus Nielsen,Janet Kelso,Michael Lachmann,David Reich,David Reich,Svante Pääbo +58 more