Journal ArticleDOI
Potential of Nanorefrigerant and Nanolubricant on Energy Saving in Refrigeration System – A Review
TLDR
In this paper, a comprehensive review is carried out to investigate the impact of nanorefrigerant and nanolubricant on energy saving in the refrigeration system, and the results showed that the best energy saving with 21% less energy used was with the use of 0.5% volume ZnO-R152a refrigerant nanol lubricant.Abstract:
Refrigeration system is one of the biggest reason of the expanding pattern of energy consumption, thus, energy saving is one of the best approach to overcome this issue. Nanofluids show extraordinary potential in upgrading the thermodynamic and mechanical performance of the refrigeration system. In the refrigeration system, the effort to improve the efficiency of the system is by introducing nanoparticles in refrigerant (nanorefrigerant) and in lubricant (nanolubricant). In this paper, a comprehensive review is carried out to investigate the impact of nanorefrigerant and nanolubricant on energy saving. The overview consists of properties enhancement of nanorefrigerant and nanolubricant, tribological performance, heat transfer enhancement, performance in heat exchanger, improvement in refrigeration system and pressure drop characteristic. The previous results showed that the best energy saving with 21% less energy used was with the use of 0.5% volume ZnO-R152a refrigerant nanolubricant. Both the suction pressure and discharge pressure were brought down by 10.5% when nanorefrigerant was utilized. The evaporator temperature was lessened by 6% with the utilization of nanorefrigerant. The replacement of R134a with R152a gives a green and clean environment, with zero ozone depleting potential (ODP) and less global warming potential (GWP). The performance of refrigeration system was significantly enhanced.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal Article
A Benchmark Study on the Thermal Conductivity of Nanofluids
Jacopo Buongiomo,David C. Venerus,Naveen Prabhat,Thomas J. McKrell,Jessica Townsend,Rebecca Christianson,Yuriv Tolmachev,Pawel Keblinski,Lin-Wen Hu,Jorge L. Alvarado,In Cheol Bang,Sandra Whaley Bishnoi,Marco Bonetti,Anselmo Cecere,Yun Chang,Gang Chen,Haisheng Chen,Sung Jae Chung,Minking K. Chyu,Sarit K. Das,Roberto Di Paola,Yulong Ding,Frank Dubois,Grzegorz Dzido,Jacob Eapen,Denis Funfschilling,Quentin Galand,Jinwei Gao,Patricia E. Gharagozloo,Kenneth E. Goodson,Jorge Gustavo Gutierrez,Haiping Hong,Mark Horton,Kyo Sik Hwang,Carlo Saverio Iorio,Seok Pil Jang,Andrzej B. Jarzębski,Yiran Jiang,Stephan Kabelac,Liwen Jin,Aravind Kamath,Chongyoup Kim,Ji Hyun Kim,Seokwon Kim,Seunghyun Lee,Kai Choong Leong,Indranil Manna,Rui Ni,Hrishikesh E. Patel,Cecil Reynaud,Raffaele Savino,Pawan Singh,Pengxiang Song,Thirumalachari Sundararajan,Alekzandr N Turanov,Stefan Van Vaerenbergh,Dongsheng Wen,Sanjeeva Witharana,Chun Yang,Wei-Hsun Yeh,Xiao-Zheng Zhao,Sheng-Qi Zhou +61 more
TL;DR: The International Nanofluid Property Benchmark Exercise (INPBE) as discussed by the authors was held in 1998, where the thermal conductivity of identical samples of colloidally stable dispersions of nanoparticles or "nanofluids" was measured by over 30 organizations worldwide, using a variety of experimental approaches, including the transient hot wire method, steady state methods, and optical methods.
Journal ArticleDOI
A Review on Nanofluids: Fabrication, Stability, and Thermophysical Properties
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors summarize the current progress on the study of nanofluids, such as the fabrication procedures, stability evaluation mechanism, stability enhancement procedures, and current commercialisation challenges.
Journal Article
Thermal conductivity of nanoparticle suspensions
David G. Cahill,Shawn A. Putnam +1 more
TL;DR: In this paper, an optical beam deflection technique was used for measurements of the thermal diffusivity of fluid mixtures and suspensions of nanoparticles with a precision of better than 1%.
Journal ArticleDOI
Natural and synthetic refrigerants, global warming: A review
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used a Refrigerant Qualitative Parametric (RQP) quantification model to assist the refrigerant choice decision process, which is based on the ratio of arithmetic sums of actual parametric values of refrigerants normalized to equivalent ideal values, and reported the environment benign natural (CO2, NH3, HCs) and a few synthetic (R-152a, R-1234yf) refrigerants to be the optimal options.
Journal ArticleDOI
Environmental impacts of nanomaterials.
TL;DR: A critical evaluation of the current states of knowledge regarding the exposure and effects of nanomaterials on the environment and human health is discussed in this review.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Investigation on Convective Heat Transfer and Flow Features of Nanofluids
Yimin Xuan,Qiang Li +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, an innovative new class of heat transfer fluids can be engineered by suspending metallic nanoparticles in conventional heat-transfer fluids, which are expected to exhibit high thermal conductivities compared to those of currently used heat transfer fluid, and they represent the best hope for enhancing heat transfer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stratospheric sink for chlorofluoromethanes: chlorine atomc-atalysed destruction of ozone
Mario J. Molina,F. S. Rowland +1 more
TL;DR: Chlorofluoromethanes are being added to the environment in steadily increasing amounts as discussed by the authors and these compounds are chemically inert and may remain in the atmosphere for 40 to 150 years, and concentrations can be expected to reach 10 to 30 times present levels.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hydrodynamic and heat transfer study of dispersed fluids with submicron metallic oxide particles
Bock Choon Pak,Young I. Cho +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used a Brookfield rotating viscometer to measure the viscosities of the dispersed fluids with γ-alumina (Al2O3) and titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles at a 10% volume concentration.
Journal ArticleDOI
Monodisperse α-Fe2O3 Mesoporous Microspheres: One-Step NaCl-Assisted Microwave-Solvothermal Preparation, Size Control and Photocatalytic Property
Shaowen Cao,Ying-Jie Zhu +1 more
TL;DR: A simple one-step NaCl-assisted microwave-solvothermal method has been developed for the preparation of monodisperse α-Fe2O3 mesoporous microspheres, and high photocatalytic activities in the degradation of salicylic acid are observed.