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Processus d'apprentissage, savoirs complexes et traitement de l'information : un modèle théorique à l'usage des praticiens, entre sciences cognitives, didactique et philosophie des sciences.

TLDR
Cherchant et al. as mentioned in this paper propose a modele allosterique, which is an interface between the sciences of education, the sciences cognitives, and the philosophy des sciences.
Abstract
Cherchant a etablir un pont theorique et pratique entre les sciences de l'education, les sciences cognitives et la philosophie des sciences, la these developpe un modele didactique a l'interface entre ces disciplines : le modele allosterique de l'apprendre initie et developpe par Giordan (1988) et al. (1992), qui s'inscrit dans le paradigme des theories du changement conceptuel. Nourri par les travaux recents des psychologues cognitifs sur les processus d'apprentissage tels que les theories du recyclage neuronal (Dehaene, 2007) ou de l'inhibition cerebrale (Houde & Tzourio-Mazoyer, 2003), ainsi que sur diverses theories relatives a l'elaboration de la pensee telles que l'economie comportementale (Tversky & Kahnernan, 1982) ou le modele-cadre SRK (Rasmussen, 1990), ce modele developpe et precise le concept d’allosterie a travers la description et la formalisation des processus de deconstruction-reconstruction des conceptions, qui ont lieu lors des apprentissages complexes. De la phase de theorisation du modele, effectuee par un recours aux formalismes de la reactivite chimique en accord avec la metaphore initiale de l'allosterie, il est possible de deduire divers environnements didactiques operatoires et feconds pour le praticien de l'enseignement et de la mediation scientifiques. Ces previsions theoriques sont alors mises a l'epreuve de l'experimentation didactique a travers une recherche de terrain centree sur la notion d'experience contre-intuitive (Eastes & Pellaud, 2004) menee aupres de differents types de publics.

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Citations
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Individual differences in reasoning: Implications for the rationality debate?-Open Peer Commentary-Differences, games, and pluralism

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the implications of individual differences in performance for each of the four explanations of the normative/descriptive gap, including performance errors, computational limitations, wrong norm being applied by the experimenter, and a different construal of the task by the subject.

Recalling routes around London: Activation of the right hippocampus in taxi drivers

TL;DR: In this article, positron emission tomography (PET) was used to examine the neural substrates of topographical memory retrieval in licensed London taxi drivers of many years experience while they recalled complex routes around the city.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI

Neuromyths: Why Do They Exist and Persist?

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors address the origin, persistence, and potential side-effects of neuromyths in education and propose a hypothesis that the persistence of these misconceptions is sustained by specific cultural conditions, such as the circulation of pieces of information about the brain and the appetite for brain news, but has its roots in deeper cognitive intuitions.
Journal ArticleDOI

Mirror-image confusion in single neurons of the macaque inferotemporal cortex.

TL;DR: Visually responsive pattern-selective neurons in the inferotemporal cortex of macaque monkeys responded more similarly to members of a lateral mirror-image pair than toMembers of a vertical mirror- image pair.
Journal ArticleDOI

Longitudinal Conceptual Change in Students' Understanding of Thermal Equilibrium: An Examination of the Process of Conceptual Restructuring

TL;DR: This article analyzed students' conceptual change across a semester in an 8th-grade thermodynamics curriculum and found that students' understandings of thermal equilibrium evolve from disjointed sets of context-dependent ideas toward, if not achieving, integrated cohesive perspectives.
Journal ArticleDOI

Constructivism and Science Education: Some Epistemological Problems

TL;DR: In this paper, the significant influence of constructivism in contemporary science and mathematics education and emphasizes the central role that epistemology plays in constructivist theory and practice is discussed, and it is claimed that constructivism is basically a variant of old-style empiricist epistemologies, which had its origins in Aristotle's individualist and sense-based theory of knowledge.