Journal ArticleDOI
Recurrent inhibitory circuitry as a mechanism for grid formation
Jonathan J. Couey,Aree Witoelar,Sheng-Jia Zhang,Kang Zheng,Jing Ye,Benjamin Dunn,Rafal Czajkowski,May-Britt Moser,Edvard I. Moser,Yasser Roudi,Menno P. Witter +10 more
TLDR
It is demonstrated that stellate cells, the principal cell type in the layer II grid network, are mainly interconnected via inhibitory interneurons, and that stable grid firing can emerge from a simple recurrent inhibitory network.Abstract:
Grid cells in layer II of the medial entorhinal cortex form a principal component of the mammalian neural representation of space. The firing pattern of a single grid cell has been hypothesized to be generated through attractor dynamics in a network with a specific local connectivity including both excitatory and inhibitory connections. However, experimental evidence supporting the presence of such connectivity among grid cells in layer II is limited. Here we report recordings from more than 600 neuron pairs in rat entorhinal slices, demonstrating that stellate cells, the principal cell type in the layer II grid network, are mainly interconnected via inhibitory interneurons. Using a model attractor network, we demonstrate that stable grid firing can emerge from a simple recurrent inhibitory network. Our findings thus suggest that the observed inhibitory microcircuitry between stellate cells is sufficient to generate grid-cell firing patterns in layer II of the medial entorhinal cortex.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Excitatory microcircuits within superficial layers of the medial entorhinal cortex
Jochen Winterer,Nikolaus Maier,Christian Wozny,Christian Wozny,Prateep Beed,Jörg Breustedt,Roberta Evangelista,Yangfan Peng,Tiziano D'Albis,Richard Kempter,Dietmar Schmitz +10 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated the existence of unitary excitatory connections between principal neurons in the superficial layers of the MEC and prevalent feed-forward excitation from pyramidal neurons in layer III and layer II onto stellate cells in layer II, which might contribute to the generation or the inheritance of grid cell patterns.
Journal ArticleDOI
Functional Architecture of the Rat Parasubiculum.
Qiusong Tang,Andrea Burgalossi,Christian L. Ebbesen,Juan Ignacio Sanguinetti-Scheck,Helene Schmidt,John J. Tukker,Robert K. Naumann,Saikat Ray,Patricia Preston-Ferrer,Dietmar Schmitz,Michael Brecht +10 more
TL;DR: Functional and anatomical characterization of the parasubiculum are provided and show that parasubicular neurons display unique features that could contribute to shaping the temporal and spatial code of downstream grid cells in entorhinal cortex.
Journal ArticleDOI
Integration of grid maps in merged environments
Tanja Wernle,Torgeir Waaga,Maria Mørreaunet,Alessandro Treves,Alessandro Treves,May-Britt Moser,Edvard I. Moser +6 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that when environments are merged, grid fields reorganize rapidly to establish spatial periodicity in the area where the environments meet, and that grid cells belonging to the same grid module retained phase relationships during the transformation.
Journal ArticleDOI
Superficially projecting principal neurons in layer V of medial entorhinal cortex in the rat receive excitatory retrosplenial input.
TL;DR: In the rat, electrophysiologically and morphologically characterized RSC input into MEC is characterized and it is concluded that RSC provides an excitatory input to layer V pyramidal cells, interacting with both entorhinal–cortical and entorHinal–hippocampal circuits.
Journal ArticleDOI
Continuous attractor network models of grid cell firing based on excitatory-inhibitory interactions.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss evidence for continuous attractor network models that account for grid firing by synaptic interactions between excitatory and inhibitory cells, and demonstrate that only a subset of neurons in a network need to have grid-like firing fields.
References
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The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates
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TL;DR: This paper presents a meta-analyses of the determinants of earthquake-triggered landsliding in the Czech Republic over a period of 18 months in order to establish a probabilistic framework for estimating the intensity of the earthquake.
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Nathan C. Shaner,Robert E. Campbell,Robert E. Campbell,Paul Steinbach,Ben N G Giepmans,Amy E. Palmer,Roger Y. Tsien +6 more
TL;DR: The latest red version matures more completely, is more tolerant of N-terminal fusions and is over tenfold more photostable than mRFP1, and three monomers with distinguishable hues from yellow-orange to red-orange have higher quantum efficiencies.
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Millisecond-timescale, genetically targeted optical control of neural activity.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors adapted the naturally occurring algal protein Channelrhodopsin-2, a rapidly gated light-sensitive cation channel, by using lentiviral gene delivery in combination with high-speed optical switching to photostimulate mammalian neurons.
Journal ArticleDOI
Microstructure of a spatial map in the entorhinal cortex
TL;DR: The dorsocaudal medial entorhinal cortex (dMEC) contains a directionally oriented, topographically organized neural map of the spatial environment, whose key unit is the ‘grid cell’, which is activated whenever the animal's position coincides with any vertex of a regular grid of equilateral triangles spanning the surface of the environment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Dynamics of pattern formation in lateral-inhibition type neural fields
TL;DR: The dynamics of pattern formation is studied for lateral-inhibition type homogeneous neural fields with general connections and it is proved that there are five types of pattern dynamics.