Journal ArticleDOI
Schottky energy barriers and charge injection in metal/Alq/metal structures
I. H. Campbell,D. L. Smith +1 more
Reads0
Chats0
TLDR
In this paper, the Schottky energy barrier of metal/tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum [Alq]/metal structures was determined for a range of contact metals with work functions from 2.7 eV to 5.6 eV.Abstract:
We present internal photoemission, photocurrent versus bias voltage, and current–voltage measurements of metal/tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline) aluminum [Alq]/metal structures. Internal photoemission and photocurrent versus bias measurements were used to determine metal/Alq Schottky energy barriers for a range of contact metals with work functions from 2.7 eV (Sm) to 5.6 eV (Pt). The electron Schottky barrier for low work-function metals ( about 3.6 eV) the ideal Schottky model is generally accurate. A previously established device model was used to describe the current–voltage characteristics using the measured Schottky barriers. The results imply comparable electron and hole mobilities of about 2×10−5 cm2/V s at an electric field of 106 V/cm.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Device physics of organic light-emitting diodes based on molecular materials
TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the properties of single and hetero-layer organic light-emitting diodes based on aromatic amines and showed that the thickness dependence of the currentvoltage (I-V) characteristics provides a unique criterion to discriminate between (1) injection limited behaviour, (2) trap-charge limited conduction with an exponential trap distribution and a fieldindependent mobility, and (3) trap free space-charge-limited conduction (SCLC) with a field and temperature dependent mobility.
Journal ArticleDOI
Energetics of metal–organic interfaces: New experiments and assessment of the field
TL;DR: In this article, a review of polymer and small molecule-on-metal interfaces with metal is presented, with emphasis placed specifically on the electronic structure and molecular level alignment at these interfaces, perceived differences between small molecule and polymer interfaces, and the difference between organic-onmetal and metal-onorganic interfaces.
Journal ArticleDOI
Metal–organic interface and charge injection in organic electronic devices
TL;DR: In this article, the formation of the metal-organic contact and the parameters which control the injection current are discussed, as well as the origins of the vacuum level offset, which is not yet fully understood.
Journal ArticleDOI
Transient and steady-state behavior of space charges in multilayer organic light-emitting diodes
TL;DR: In this paper, a numerical study of space charge effects in multilayer organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) is presented, where the accumulation of charges at internal interfaces and their signature in the transient response as well as the electric field distribution are discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Surface analytical studies of interfaces in organic semiconductor devices
TL;DR: In this paper, surface analytical studies of interface formation of organic semiconductors with different materials are reviewed, including metal-organic interface dipole formation, charge transfer, chemical reaction, energy level alignment, in-diffusion, quenching of luminescence and possible recovery of it.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Organic Electroluminescent Diodes
Ching Wan Tang,Steven A Vanslyke +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, a double-layer structure of organic thin films was prepared by vapor deposition, and efficient injection of holes and electrons was provided from an indium-tinoxide anode and an alloyed Mg:Ag cathode.
Journal ArticleDOI
Electroluminescence of doped organic thin films
TL;DR: In this paper, a multilayer-doped EL was constructed using a hole-transport layer and a luminescent layer, and the electron-hole recombination and emission zones can be confined to about 50 A near the hole.
Journal ArticleDOI
Organic electroluminescent devices with improved stability
TL;DR: In this article, a stable organic electroluminescent devices based on vapor-deposited Alq thin films have been achieved, which are derived from several factors including: (1) a multilayer thin-film structure with a CuPc stabilized hole-injection contact, (2) a hole-transport diamine layer using a naphthyl substituted benzidine derivative, and (3) an ac drive wave form.
Journal ArticleDOI
Enhanced electron injection in organic electroluminescence devices using an Al/LiF electrode
TL;DR: In this article, an ultrathin LiF layer adjacent to an electron-transporting layer and an aluminum outerlayer was used as an electrode for organic electroluminescent devices.
Journal ArticleDOI
Organic Electroluminescent Devices
James R. Sheats,Homer Antoniadis,Mark R. Hueschen,William Leonard,Jeffrey N. Miller,Ron Moon,Daniel B. Roitman,Andrew Stocking +7 more
TL;DR: In this article, a brief review of device principles and applications requirements and focus on the understanding of reliability issues is provided, focusing on the reliability issues that govern the lifetime of a flat panel display.