Smoke and fire characteristics for cerrado and deforestation burns in Brazil: BASE-B experiment
D. E. Ward,Ronald A. Susott,J. B. Kauffman,Ronald E. Babbitt,D. L. Cummings,B. Dias,Brent N. Holben,Yoram J. Kaufman,R. A. Rasmussen,Alberto Setzer +9 more
TLDR
In this paper, the authors compared five test fires performed during August and September 1990 in the cerrado (savannal-like region) in central Brazil (three fires) and tropical moist forest (two fires) in the eastern Amazon.Abstract:
Five test fires were performed during August and September 1990 in the cerrado (savannalike region) in central Brazil (three fires) and tropical moist forest (two fires) in the eastern Amazon. This paper details the gases released, the ratios of the gases to each other and to particulate matter, fuel loads, and the fraction consumed (combustion factors), and the fire behavior associated with biomass consumption. Models are presented for evaluating emission factors for CH4, CO2, CO, H2, and particles less than 2.5 micron diam (PM2.5) as a function of combustion efficiency. The ratio of carbon released as CO2 (combustion efficiency) for the cerrado fires averaged 0.94 and for the deforestation fires it decreased from 0.88 for the flaming phase to less than 0.80 during the smoldering phase of combustion. For tropical ecosystems, emissions of most products of incomplete combustion are projected to be lower than previous estimates for savanna ecosystems and somewhat higher for fires used for deforestation purposes.read more
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Bounding the role of black carbon in the climate system: A scientific assessment
Tami C. Bond,Sarah J. Doherty,David W. Fahey,Piers M. Forster,Terje Koren Berntsen,Benjamin DeAngelo,Mark Flanner,Steven J. Ghan,Bernd Kärcher,Dorothy Koch,Stefan Kinne,Yutaka Kondo,Patricia K. Quinn,Marcus C. Sarofim,Martin G. Schultz,Michael Schulz,Chandra Venkataraman,Hua Zhang,Shiqiu Zhang,Nicolas Bellouin,Sarath K. Guttikunda,Philip K. Hopke,Mark Z. Jacobson,Johannes W. Kaiser,Zbigniew Klimont,Ulrike Lohmann,Joshua P. Schwarz,Drew Shindell,Trude Storelvmo,Stephen G. Warren,Charles S. Zender +30 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provided an assessment of black-carbon climate forcing that is comprehensive in its inclusion of all known and relevant processes and that is quantitative in providing best estimates and uncertainties of the main forcing terms: direct solar absorption; influence on liquid, mixed phase, and ice clouds; and deposition on snow and ice.
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Emission of trace gases and aerosols from biomass burning
Meinrat O. Andreae,P. Merlet +1 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a set of emission factors for a large variety of species emitted from biomass fires, where data were not available, they have proposed estimates based on appropriate extrapolation techniques.
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Variability of Absorption and Optical Properties of Key Aerosol Types Observed in Worldwide Locations
Oleg Dubovik,Brent N. Holben,Thomas F. Eck,Thomas F. Eck,Alexander Smirnov,Yoram J. Kaufman,Michael D. King,Didier Tanré,Ilya Slutsker +8 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the AERONET network of ground-based radiometers were used to remotely sense the aerosol absorption and other optical properties in several key locations, and the results showed robust differentiation in both the magnitude and spectral dependence of the absorption, a property driving aerosol climate forcing.
Journal ArticleDOI
Emission factors for open and domestic biomass burning for use in atmospheric models
S. K. Akagi,Robert J. Yokelson,Christine Wiedinmyer,Matthew J. Alvarado,Jeffrey S. Reid,Thomas Karl,John D. Crounse,Paul O. Wennberg +7 more
TL;DR: This paper presented an up-to-date, comprehensive tabulation of EF for known pyrogenic species based on measurements made in smoke that has cooled to ambient temperature, but not yet undergone significant photochemical processing.
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A review of biomass burning emissions part III: intensive optical properties of biomass burning particles
Jeffrey S. Reid,Thomas F. Eck,Sundar A. Christopher,Ralf Koppmann,Oleg Dubovik,Daniel P. Eleuterio,Brent N. Holben,Elizabeth A. Reid,Jianglong Zhang +8 more
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review and discuss the literature concerning the measurement of smoke particle size, chemistry, thermodynamic properties, and emission factors, and show that very large differences in measured particle properties have appeared in the literature, in particular with regards to particle carbon budgets.
References
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