Journal ArticleDOI
Surface Studies of Solids by Total Reflection of X-Rays
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In this paper, the shape of the curve of reflected x-ray intensity vs glancing angle in the region of total reflection was analyzed to study certain structural properties of the mirror surface about 10 to several hundred angstroms deep.Abstract:
Analysis of the shape of the curve of reflected x-ray intensity vs glancing angle in the region of total reflection provides a new method of studying certain structural properties of the mirror surface about 10 to several hundred angstroms deep. Dispersion theory, extended to treat any (small) number of stratified homogeneous media, is used as a basis of interpretation.Curves for evaporated copper on glass at room temperature are studied as an example. These curves may be explained by assuming that the copper (exposed to atmospheric air at room temperature) has completely oxidized about 150A deep. If oxidation is less deep, there probably exists some general reduction of density (e.g., porosity) and an electron density minimum just below an internal oxide seal. This seal, about 25A below the nominal surface plane, arrests further oxidation of more deeply-lying loose-packed copper crystallites.All measurements to date have been carried out under laboratory atmospheric conditions which do not allow satisfactory separation or control of the physical and chemical variables involved in the surface peculiarities. The method, under more controlled conditions of preparation and treatment of the surface, promises to be useful.read more
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Solvent Extraction: Structure of the Liquid–Liquid Interface Containing a Diamide Ligand
Ernesto Scoppola,Erik B. Watkins,Richard A. Campbell,Oleg Konovalov,Luc Girard,Jean-François Dufrêche,Geoffroy Ferru,Giovanna Fragneto,Olivier Diat +8 more
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Structure and dynamics of crystalline protein layers bound to supported lipid bilayers.
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Effects of specific versus nonspecific ionic interactions on the structure and lateral organization of lipopolysaccharides.
TL;DR: X-ray reflectivity and grazing incidence x-ray diffraction measurements of lipopolysaccharide monolayers at the water-air interface reveal that the structure and lateral ordering of the LPS molecules is very different from phospholipid systems and can be modulated by the ionic strength of the aqueous subphase in an ion-dependent manner.
Journal ArticleDOI
Superconducting proximity effect and interface transparency in Nb/PdNi bilayers
Carla Cirillo,Serghej L. Prischepa,Matteo Salvato,Carmine Attanasio,M. B. S. Hesselberth,Jan Aarts +5 more
TL;DR: In this article, the proximity effect between a superconductor S and a weak ferromagnet F in sputtered Nb/Pd0.86Ni0.14bilayers has been studied.
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Structure and reactivity of environmental interfaces: Application of grazing angle X-ray spectroscopy and long-period X-ray standing waves
TL;DR: In this paper, the application of grazing angle X-ray fluorescence techniques is reviewed, including the presentation of a model formalism that allows for quantitative analysis of fluorescent yield profiles and discussion of the experimental setup.