The inflammatory response in myocardial injury, repair, and remodelling.
TLDR
Biomarker-based approaches are needed to identify patients with distinct pathophysiologic responses and to rationally implement inflammation-modulating strategies in patients with myocardial infarction.Abstract:
Myocardial infarction triggers an intense inflammatory response that is essential for cardiac repair, but which is also implicated in the pathogenesis of postinfarction remodelling and heart failure. Signals in the infarcted myocardium activate toll-like receptor signalling, while complement activation and generation of reactive oxygen species induce cytokine and chemokine upregulation. Leukocytes recruited to the infarcted area, remove dead cells and matrix debris by phagocytosis, while preparing the area for scar formation. Timely repression of the inflammatory response is critical for effective healing, and is followed by activation of myofibroblasts that secrete matrix proteins in the infarcted area. Members of the transforming growth factor β family are critically involved in suppression of inflammation and activation of a profibrotic programme. Translation of these concepts to the clinic requires an understanding of the pathophysiological complexity and heterogeneity of postinfarction remodelling in patients with myocardial infarction. Individuals with an overactive and prolonged postinfarction inflammatory response might exhibit left ventricular dilatation and systolic dysfunction and might benefit from targeted anti-IL-1 or anti-chemokine therapies, whereas patients with an exaggerated fibrogenic reaction can develop heart failure with preserved ejection fraction and might require inhibition of the Smad3 (mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3) cascade. Biomarker-based approaches are needed to identify patients with distinct pathophysiologic responses and to rationally implement inflammation-modulating strategies.read more
Citations
More filters
OtherDOI
Obesity and Cardiometabolic Defects in Heart Failure Pathology.
Ganesh V. Halade,Vasundhara Kain +1 more
TL;DR: The purpose of this comprehensive review is to largely discuss the impact of obesity on the cardiovascular pathobiology in the context of problems and challenges, with major emphasis on the diversified models, and to study cardiac remodeling in obesity.
Journal ArticleDOI
Human cardiac fibroblasts adaptive responses to controlled combined mechanical strain and oxygen changes in vitro.
Giovanni Stefano Ugolini,Andrea Pavesi,Marco Rasponi,Gianfranco Beniamino Fiore,Roger D. Kamm,Monica Soncini +5 more
TL;DR: This work provides a first analysis of human primary CF behavior by means of a multi-stimulus microdevice for combined application of cyclic mechanical strain and controlled oxygen tension and elucidate differential human CFs responses to different combinations of the above stimuli.
Journal ArticleDOI
Three in a Box: Understanding Cardiomyocyte, Fibroblast, and Innate Immune Cell Interactions to Orchestrate Cardiac Repair Processes
TL;DR: The interplay of innate immune cells with cardiac fibroblasts and cardiomyocytes is emerging as a crucial platform to help understanding and to allow the development of effective interventions sufficient to minimize cardiac damage and dysfunction after injury.
Journal ArticleDOI
Elastin-like recombinamers-based hydrogel modulates post-ischemic remodeling in a non-transmural myocardial infarction in sheep.
Paolo Contessotto,Doriana Orbanic,Mark Da Costa,Chunsheng Jin,Peter Owens,Sandrine Chantepie,Clizia Chinello,John Newell,Fulvio Magni,Dulce Papy-Garcia,Niclas G. Karlsson,Michelle Kilcoyne,Peter Dockery,José Carlos Rodríguez-Cabello,Abhay Pandit +14 more
TL;DR: In this paper, an extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimicking hydrogel using catalyst-free click chemistry covalent bonding between two elastin-like recombinamers (ELRs) was devised.
Journal ArticleDOI
Loss of Nrf2 promotes rapid progression to heart failure following myocardial infarction.
Joshua Strom,Qin M. Chen +1 more
TL;DR: Data support that Nrf2 plays an important role in protecting the myocardium from ischemic injury and biomarkers of heart failure, such as elevated levels of &bgr;‐MHC, ANF, and BNP mRNA in the mycardium.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
Getting to the site of inflammation: the leukocyte adhesion cascade updated
TL;DR: This Review focuses on new aspects of one of the central paradigms of inflammation and immunity — the leukocyte adhesion cascade.
Journal ArticleDOI
DAMPs, PAMPs and alarmins: all we need to know about danger
TL;DR: The term “alarmin” is proposed to categorize such endogenous molecules that signal tissue and cell damage, and can be considered subgroups of a larger set, the damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs).
Journal ArticleDOI
Left ventricular end-systolic volume as the major determinant of survival after recovery from myocardial infarction.
Harvey D. White,R M Norris,Michael A. Brown,Peter W.T. Brandt,Ralph M.L. Whitlock,Chris J. Wild +5 more
TL;DR: Volume, ejection fractions, and severity of coronary arterial occlusions and stenoses in 605 male patients under 60 years of age at 1 to 2 months after a first or recurrent myocardial infarction showed that end-systolic volume had greater predictive value for survival than end-diastolic volume or ejection fraction.
Journal ArticleDOI
Cardiac remodeling—concepts and clinical implications: a consensus paper from an international forum on cardiac remodeling
TL;DR: Left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic volume and ejection fraction data provide support for the beneficial effects of therapeutic agents such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and beta-adrenergic blocking agents on the remodeling process.
Related Papers (5)
The Biological Basis for Cardiac Repair After Myocardial Infarction: From Inflammation to Fibrosis
Antiinflammatory Therapy with Canakinumab for Atherosclerotic Disease
Paul M. Ridker,Brendan M. Everett,Tom Thuren,Jean G. MacFadyen,William Chang,Christie M. Ballantyne,Francisco H. Fonseca,Jose C. Nicolau,Wolfgang Koenig,Stefan D. Anker,John J.P. Kastelein,Jan H. Cornel,Prem Pais,Daniel Pella,Jacques Genest,Renata Cifkova,Alberto J. Lorenzatti,Tamás Forster,Zhanna Kobalava,Luminita Vida-Simiti,Marcus Flather,Hiroaki Shimokawa,Hisao Ogawa,Mikael Dellborg,Paulo Roberto Ferreira Rossi,Roland P.T. Troquay,Peter Libby,Robert J. Glynn +27 more