Journal ArticleDOI
The language of covalent histone modifications.
Brian D. Strahl,C D Allis +1 more
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TLDR
It is proposed that distinct histone modifications, on one or more tails, act sequentially or in combination to form a ‘histone code’ that is, read by other proteins to bring about distinct downstream events.Abstract:
Histone proteins and the nucleosomes they form with DNA are the fundamental building blocks of eukaryotic chromatin. A diverse array of post-translational modifications that often occur on tail domains of these proteins has been well documented. Although the function of these highly conserved modifications has remained elusive, converging biochemical and genetic evidence suggests functions in several chromatin-based processes. We propose that distinct histone modifications, on one or more tails, act sequentially or in combination to form a 'histone code' that is, read by other proteins to bring about distinct downstream events.read more
Citations
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Histone deacetylase inhibitors have a profound antigrowth activity in endometrial cancer cells.
Noriyuki Takai,Julian C. Desmond,Takashi Kumagai,Dorina Gui,Jonathan W. Said,Sadie Whittaker,Isao Miyakawa,H. Phillip Koeffler +7 more
TL;DR: The results suggest that HDACIs are effective in inhibiting growth of endometrial cancer cells in vitro and in nude mice, without toxic side effects, and raise the possibility thatHDACIs may prove particularly effective in treatment of endometricrial cancers.
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Chromatin remodeling and neuronal response: multiple signaling pathways induce specific histone H3 modifications and early gene expression in hippocampal neurons
TL;DR: It is shown that all stimulations induce rapid, transient phosphorylation of histone H3 at serine 10, and the same agonists induce rapid activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway with similar kinetics to extracellular-regulated-kinaseosphorylation.
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Mediators of reprogramming: transcription factors and transitions through mitosis.
TL;DR: Progress in reprogramming research now points to an important role for transcription factors in the establishment and the maintenance of cellular phenotypes, and to cell division as a mediator of transitions between different states of gene expression.
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Versatility of PRMT5-induced methylation in growth control and development
TL;DR: These studies not only provide insight into the molecular mechanisms by which PRMT5 contributes to growth control, but also justify therapeutic targeting ofPRMT5.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mechanism for nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of histone deacetylase 7.
TL;DR: It is shown that HDAC7, a member of the class II histone deacetylases, specifically targets several members of myocyte enhancer factors, MEF2A, -2C, and -2D, and inhibits their transcriptional activity, and it is demonstrated that DNA-bound MeF2C is capable of recruiting HDAC 7, demonstrating that theHDAC7-dependent repression of transcription is not due to the inhibition of the MEF 2 DNA binding activity.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle at 2.8 Å resolution
TL;DR: The X-ray crystal structure of the nucleosome core particle of chromatin shows in atomic detail how the histone protein octamer is assembled and how 146 base pairs of DNA are organized into a superhelix around it.
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Histone acetylation in chromatin structure and transcription
TL;DR: The amino termini of histones extend from the nucleosomal core and are modified by acetyltransferases and deacetylases during the cell cycle, which may direct histone assembly and help regulate the unfolding and activity of genes.
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Protein modules and signalling networks
TL;DR: This work highlights conserved protein domains that act as key regulatory participants in many of these different signalling pathways in multicellular organisms.
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Mitosis-specific phosphorylation of histone H3 initiates primarily within pericentromeric heterochromatin during G2 and spreads in an ordered fashion coincident with mitotic chromosome condensation.
Michael J. Hendzel,Y Wei,Michael A. Mancini,A. Van Hooser,Tamara A. Ranalli,Bill R. Brinkley,David P. Bazett-Jones,C D Allis +7 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that the singular phosphorylation of the amino-terminus of histone H3 may be involved in facilitating two key functions during mitosis: (1) regulate protein-protein interactions to promote binding of trans-acting factors that “drive” chromatin condensation as cells enter M-phase and (2) coordinate chromatin decondensation associated with M- phase.
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Histone acetylation and transcriptional regulatory mechanisms
TL;DR: Understanding of the causal relationship between histone acetylation and gene expression has been enhanced dramatically by the identification of proteins with intrinsic hist one acetylase and deacetylase activity, which led to a major paradigm shift in understanding of chromatin structure and transcription regulation.