The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak - an update on the status.
Yan Rong Guo,Qing Dong Cao,Zhong Si Hong,Yuan Yang Tan,Shoudeng Chen,Hong Jun Jin,Kai Sen Tan,De Yun Wang,Yan Yan +8 more
TLDR
The latest research progress of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 are summarized, and the current treatment and scientific advancements to combat the epidemic novel coronavirus are discussed.Abstract:
An acute respiratory disease, caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2, previously known as 2019-nCoV), the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread throughout China and received worldwide attention. On 30 January 2020, World Health Organization (WHO) officially declared the COVID-19 epidemic as a public health emergency of international concern. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2, since the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2002 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012, marked the third introduction of a highly pathogenic and large-scale epidemic coronavirus into the human population in the twenty-first century. As of 1 March 2020, a total of 87,137 confirmed cases globally, 79,968 confirmed in China and 7169 outside of China, with 2977 deaths (3.4%) had been reported by WHO. Meanwhile, several independent research groups have identified that SARS-CoV-2 belongs to β-coronavirus, with highly identical genome to bat coronavirus, pointing to bat as the natural host. The novel coronavirus uses the same receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as that for SARS-CoV, and mainly spreads through the respiratory tract. Importantly, increasingly evidence showed sustained human-to-human transmission, along with many exported cases across the globe. The clinical symptoms of COVID-19 patients include fever, cough, fatigue and a small population of patients appeared gastrointestinal infection symptoms. The elderly and people with underlying diseases are susceptible to infection and prone to serious outcomes, which may be associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and cytokine storm. Currently, there are few specific antiviral strategies, but several potent candidates of antivirals and repurposed drugs are under urgent investigation. In this review, we summarized the latest research progress of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical characteristics of COVID-19, and discussed the current treatment and scientific advancements to combat the epidemic novel coronavirus.read more
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Current pharmacological treatments for COVID-19: What's next?
Cristina Scavone,Simona Brusco,Michele Bertini,Liberata Sportiello,Concetta Rafaniello,Alice Zoccoli,Liberato Berrino,Giorgio Racagni,Francesco Rossi,Francesco Rossi,Annalisa Capuano +10 more
TL;DR: The main pharmacological properties of such drugs administered to patients with COVID‐19, focusing on their antiviral, immune‐modulatory and/or anti‐inflammatory actions are described.
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The human coronavirus disease covid-19: Its origin, characteristics, and insights into potential drugs and its mechanisms
TL;DR: An overview of the CoVs origin, pathogenicity, and genomic structure is provided with a focus on SARS-CoV-2, and the recently investigated drugs that constitute an option for COVID-19 treatment are summarized.
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COVID-19 Pandemic: Prevention and protection measures to be adopted at the workplace
Luigi Cirrincione,Fulvio Plescia,Caterina Ledda,Venerando Rapisarda,Daniela Martorana,Raluca Emilia Moldovan,Kelly Theodoridou,Emanuele Cannizzaro +7 more
TL;DR: This research provided a protocol to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2 infection in light of the limited information related to this coronavirus and analysed and searched targeted evidence-based guidelines issued in the various countries affected by this epidemic up till now.
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Teachers’ Covid-19 awareness, distance learning education experiences and perceptions towards institutional readiness and challenges
TL;DR: In this article, the authors explored teachers' awareness about the COVID-19 pandemic and their opinion on their respective schools' readiness, as well as their response to the challenges of conducting distance learning education in the Philippines.
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Tocilizumab for treatment of severe covid-19 patients: Preliminary results from smatteo covid19 registry (smacore)
Marta Colaneri,Laura Bogliolo,Pietro Valsecchi,Paolo Sacchi,Valentina Zuccaro,Fabio Brandolino,Carlomaurizio Montecucco,Francesco Mojoli,Emanuele Maria Giusti,Raffaele Bruno +9 more
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References
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Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China
Chaolin Huang,Yeming Wang,Xingwang Li,Lili Ren,Jianping Zhao,Yi Hu,Li Zhang,Guohui Fan,Jiuyang Xu,Xiaoying Gu,Zhenshun Cheng,Ting Yu,Jia'an Xia,Yuan Wei,Wenjuan Wu,Xuelei Xie,Wen Yin,Li Hui,Min Liu,Yan Xiao,Hong Gao,Li Guo,Jungang Xie,Guang-Fa Wang,Rongmeng Jiang,Zhancheng Gao,Qi Jin,Jianwei Wang,Bin Cao +28 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
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A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019.
Na Zhu,Dingyu Zhang,Wenling Wang,Xingwang Li,Bo Yang,Jingdong Song,Xiang Zhao,Baoying Huang,Weifeng Shi,Roujian Lu,Peihua Niu,Faxian Zhan,Xuejun Ma,Dayan Wang,Wenbo Xu,Wenbo Xu,Guizhen Wu,George F. Gao,Wenjie Tan +18 more
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A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin
Peng Zhou,Xing-Lou Yang,Xian Guang Wang,Ben Hu,Lei Zhang,Wei Zhang,Hao Rui Si,Yan Zhu,Bei Li,Chao Lin Huang,Hui-Dong Chen,Jing Chen,Yun Luo,Hua Guo,Ren Di Jiang,Meiqin Liu,Ying Chen,Xu Rui Shen,Xi Wang,Xiao Shuang Zheng,Kai Zhao,Quanjiao Chen,Fei Deng,Lin Lin Liu,Bing Yan,Fa Xian Zhan,Yan-Yi Wang,Gengfu Xiao,Zhengli Shi +28 more
TL;DR: Identification and characterization of a new coronavirus (2019-nCoV), which caused an epidemic of acute respiratory syndrome in humans in Wuhan, China, and it is shown that this virus belongs to the species of SARSr-CoV, indicates that the virus is related to a bat coronav virus.
Journal ArticleDOI
Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China.
Dawei Wang,Bo Hu,Chang Hu,Fangfang Zhu,Xing Liu,Jing Zhang,Binbin Wang,Hui Xiang,Zhenshun Cheng,Yong Xiong,Yan Zhao,Yirong Li,Xinghuan Wang,Zhiyong Peng +13 more
TL;DR: The epidemiological and clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China, and hospital-associated transmission as the presumed mechanism of infection for affected health professionals and hospitalized patients are described.
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