The origin, transmission and clinical therapies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak - an update on the status.
Yan Rong Guo,Qing Dong Cao,Zhong Si Hong,Yuan Yang Tan,Shoudeng Chen,Hong Jun Jin,Kai Sen Tan,De Yun Wang,Yan Yan +8 more
TLDR
The latest research progress of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical characteristics of COVID-19 are summarized, and the current treatment and scientific advancements to combat the epidemic novel coronavirus are discussed.Abstract:
An acute respiratory disease, caused by a novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2, previously known as 2019-nCoV), the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has spread throughout China and received worldwide attention. On 30 January 2020, World Health Organization (WHO) officially declared the COVID-19 epidemic as a public health emergency of international concern. The emergence of SARS-CoV-2, since the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in 2002 and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) in 2012, marked the third introduction of a highly pathogenic and large-scale epidemic coronavirus into the human population in the twenty-first century. As of 1 March 2020, a total of 87,137 confirmed cases globally, 79,968 confirmed in China and 7169 outside of China, with 2977 deaths (3.4%) had been reported by WHO. Meanwhile, several independent research groups have identified that SARS-CoV-2 belongs to β-coronavirus, with highly identical genome to bat coronavirus, pointing to bat as the natural host. The novel coronavirus uses the same receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as that for SARS-CoV, and mainly spreads through the respiratory tract. Importantly, increasingly evidence showed sustained human-to-human transmission, along with many exported cases across the globe. The clinical symptoms of COVID-19 patients include fever, cough, fatigue and a small population of patients appeared gastrointestinal infection symptoms. The elderly and people with underlying diseases are susceptible to infection and prone to serious outcomes, which may be associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and cytokine storm. Currently, there are few specific antiviral strategies, but several potent candidates of antivirals and repurposed drugs are under urgent investigation. In this review, we summarized the latest research progress of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, and clinical characteristics of COVID-19, and discussed the current treatment and scientific advancements to combat the epidemic novel coronavirus.read more
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Therapeutic Strategies in the Development of Anti-viral Drugs and Vaccines Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection.
Jasvinder Singh Bhatti,Gurjit Kaur Bhatti,Naina Khullar,Arubala P. Reddy,P. Hemachandra Reddy +4 more
TL;DR: The pharmacological treatment strategies for COVID-19 are highlighted and the therapeutic targets for the development of vaccines or anti-viral drug molecules against SARS-CoV-2 infection in humans are purposed.
Journal ArticleDOI
The COVID-19 pandemic preparedness simulation tool: CovidSIM.
TL;DR: Strict contact reduction including isolation of infected persons in quarantine wards and at home can substantially delay the peak of the epidemic and might also be effective in decreasing the peak number of infections depending on seasonal fluctuations in the transmissibility of the disease.
Journal ArticleDOI
Green Chemistry and Coronavirus.
Sepideh Ahmadi,Navid Rabiee,Yousef Fatahi,Seyyed Emad Hooshmand,Mojtaba Bagherzadeh,Mohammad Rabiee,Vahid Jajarmi,Rassoul Dinarvand,Sajjad Habibzadeh,Mohammad Reza Saeb,Rajender S. Varma,Mohammadreza Shokouhimehr,Michael R. Hamblin +12 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the diagnostic methods currently being deployed for the SARS-CoV-2 identification including optical biosensors and point-of-care diagnostics that are on the horizon.
Journal ArticleDOI
Radiographic and clinical neurologic manifestations of COVID-19 related hypoxemia.
Caitlin Radnis,Sunny Qiu,Miral D. Jhaveri,Ivan Rocha Ferreira da Silva,Aimee J. Szewka,Lauren Koffman +5 more
TL;DR: Three cases of hypoxic brain injury seen on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in patients with hypoxemia secondary to COVID-19-related ARDS are described and it is suggested that unrecognized or asymptomatichypoxemia may play a role in hypoxic head injury related to CO VID-19.
Journal ArticleDOI
Causal relationship between physical activity, leisure sedentary behaviors and COVID-19 risk: a Mendelian randomization study
TL;DR: In this paper , the causal relationship between physical activity (PA) and COVID-19 susceptibility, hospitalization and severity using a Mendelian randomization study was explored. But the causal effects were estimated with inverse variance weighted, MR-Egger, weighted median and MR-PRESSO.
References
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Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China
Chaolin Huang,Yeming Wang,Xingwang Li,Lili Ren,Jianping Zhao,Yi Hu,Li Zhang,Guohui Fan,Jiuyang Xu,Xiaoying Gu,Zhenshun Cheng,Ting Yu,Jia'an Xia,Yuan Wei,Wenjuan Wu,Xuelei Xie,Wen Yin,Li Hui,Min Liu,Yan Xiao,Hong Gao,Li Guo,Jungang Xie,Guang-Fa Wang,Rongmeng Jiang,Zhancheng Gao,Qi Jin,Jianwei Wang,Bin Cao +28 more
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A Novel Coronavirus from Patients with Pneumonia in China, 2019.
Na Zhu,Dingyu Zhang,Wenling Wang,Xingwang Li,Bo Yang,Jingdong Song,Xiang Zhao,Baoying Huang,Weifeng Shi,Roujian Lu,Peihua Niu,Faxian Zhan,Xuejun Ma,Dayan Wang,Wenbo Xu,Wenbo Xu,Guizhen Wu,George F. Gao,Wenjie Tan +18 more
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A pneumonia outbreak associated with a new coronavirus of probable bat origin
Peng Zhou,Xing-Lou Yang,Xian Guang Wang,Ben Hu,Lei Zhang,Wei Zhang,Hao Rui Si,Yan Zhu,Bei Li,Chao Lin Huang,Hui-Dong Chen,Jing Chen,Yun Luo,Hua Guo,Ren Di Jiang,Meiqin Liu,Ying Chen,Xu Rui Shen,Xi Wang,Xiao Shuang Zheng,Kai Zhao,Quanjiao Chen,Fei Deng,Lin Lin Liu,Bing Yan,Fa Xian Zhan,Yan-Yi Wang,Gengfu Xiao,Zhengli Shi +28 more
TL;DR: Identification and characterization of a new coronavirus (2019-nCoV), which caused an epidemic of acute respiratory syndrome in humans in Wuhan, China, and it is shown that this virus belongs to the species of SARSr-CoV, indicates that the virus is related to a bat coronav virus.
Journal ArticleDOI
Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China.
Dawei Wang,Bo Hu,Chang Hu,Fangfang Zhu,Xing Liu,Jing Zhang,Binbin Wang,Hui Xiang,Zhenshun Cheng,Yong Xiong,Yan Zhao,Yirong Li,Xinghuan Wang,Zhiyong Peng +13 more
TL;DR: The epidemiological and clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)-infected pneumonia in Wuhan, China, and hospital-associated transmission as the presumed mechanism of infection for affected health professionals and hospitalized patients are described.
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