Journal ArticleDOI
The origins of reproductive isolation in plants.
TLDR
Important questions for the next decade include identifying the evolutionary forces responsible for chromosomal rearrangements, determining how often prezygotic barriers arise due to selection against hybrids, and establishing the relative importance of genomic conflicts in speciation.Abstract:
Reproductive isolation in plants occurs through multiple barriers that restrict gene flow between populations, but their origins remain uncertain. Work in the past decade has shown that postpollination barriers, such as the failure to form hybrid seeds or sterility of hybrid offspring, are often less strong than prepollination barriers. Evidence implicates multiple evolutionary forces in the origins of reproductive barriers, including mutation, stochastic processes and natural selection. Although adaptation to different environments is a common element of reproductive isolation, genomic conflicts also play a role, including female meiotic drive. The genetic basis of some reproductive barriers, particularly flower colour influencing pollinator behaviour, is well understood in some species, but the genetic changes underlying many other barriers, especially pollen-stylar interactions, are largely unknown. Postpollination barriers appear to accumulate at a faster rate in annuals compared with perennials, due in part to chromosomal rearrangements. Chromosomal changes can be important isolating barriers in themselves but may also reduce the recombination of genes contributing to isolation. Important questions for the next decade include identifying the evolutionary forces responsible for chromosomal rearrangements, determining how often prezygotic barriers arise due to selection against hybrids, and establishing the relative importance of genomic conflicts in speciation.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Coupling, reinforcement, and speciation
Roger K. Butlin,Carole M. Smadja +1 more
TL;DR: It is argued that speciation research, both empirical and theoretical, needs to consider both the origin of barrier effects and the ways in which they are coupled, and for an extended view of reinforcement that includes coupling processes involving enhancement of any type of additional barrier effect as a result of an existing barrier.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hybridization and hybrid speciation under global change
TL;DR: It is speculated that global change will have a larger effect on eroding pre-zygotic barriers (eco-geographical isolation and phenology) than post-zyGotic barriers, shifting the relative importance of these two classes of reproductive barriers from what is usually seen in naturally produced hybrids.
Journal ArticleDOI
Karyotype engineering by chromosome fusion leads to reproductive isolation in yeast
TL;DR: Overall, budding yeast tolerates a reduction in chromosome number unexpectedly well, providing a striking example of the robustness of genomes to change.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Role of Transposable Elements in Speciation
TL;DR: The evidence for TEs as potential causes of reproductive isolation across a diversity of taxa is compiled and it is found that TEs are often associated with hybrid defects that might preclude the fusion between species, but that the involvement of TEs in other barriers to gene flow different from postzygotic isolation is still relatively unknown.
Journal ArticleDOI
Plant speciation across environmental gradients and the occurrence and nature of hybrid zones
TL;DR: From the limited information available, it appears that plant hybrid zones may frequently move in response to climate change, but long‐term studies are required to confirm this.
References
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Book
On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or, The Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life
TL;DR: The "Penguin Classics" edition of "On the Origin of Species" as discussed by the authors contains an introduction and notes by William Bynum, and features a cover designed by Damien Hirst.
Book
Genetics and the Origin of Species
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a taxonomy of diverse and diverse populations in the United States, including the following: 1.ORGANIC DIVERSITY 3 GENE MUTATION 15 MUTation as a basis for RACIAL and SPECIFIC DIFFERENCES 39 CHROMOSOMAL CHANGES 73 VARIATION in NATURAL POPULATION 118 SELECTION 149 POLYPLOIDY 192 ISOLATING MECHANISMS 228 HYBRID STERILITY 259 SPECIES AS NATUREAL UNITS 303 L
Journal ArticleDOI
Variation and Evolution in Plants.
TL;DR: JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive.
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