The penicillin-binding proteins: structure and role in peptidoglycan biosynthesis
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TLDR
An overview of the content in PBPs of some bacteria is provided with an emphasis on comparing the biochemical properties of homologous PBPs (orthologues) belonging to different bacteria.Abstract:
Penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) have been scrutinized for over 40 years. Recent structural information on PBPs together with the ongoing long-term biochemical experimental investigations, and results from more recent techniques such as protein localization by green fluorescent protein-fusion immunofluorescence or double-hybrid assay, have brought our understanding of the last stages of the peptidoglycan biosynthesis to an outstanding level that allows a broad outlook on the properties of these enzymes. Details are emerging regarding the interaction between the peptidoglycan-synthesizing PBPs and the peptidoglycan, their mesh net-like product that surrounds and protects bacteria. This review focuses on the detailed structure of PBPs and their implication in peptidoglycan synthesis, maturation and recycling. An overview of the content in PBPs of some bacteria is provided with an emphasis on comparing the biochemical properties of homologous PBPs (orthologues) belonging to different bacteria.read more
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Alterations in Peptidoglycan Cross-Linking Suppress the Secretin Assembly Defect Caused by Mutation of GspA in the Type II Secretion System.
TL;DR: Results support an assembly model in which, upon binding to PG, ExeA induces multimerization and pore formation in the sacculus, which enables ExeD monomers to interact with ExeB and assemble into a secretin that both is inserted in the outer membrane and crosses the PG layer to interacts with the inner membrane platform of the T2SS.
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Characteristics of Listeria monocytogenes Strains Isolated from Milk and Humans and the Possibility of Milk-Borne Strains Transmission.
Krzysztof Skowron,Ewa Wałecka-Zacharksa,Katarzyna Grudlewska,Natalia Wiktorczyk,Agnieszka Kaczmarek,Grzegorz Gryń,Joanna Kwiecińska-Piróg,Klaudia Juszczuk,Zbigniew Paluszak,Katarzyna Kosek-Paszkowska,Eugenia Gospodarek-Komkowska +10 more
TL;DR: The strains with more numerous virulence genes were resistant to more antibiotics and formed a stronger biofilm, and it was shown that contaminated teat cups might contribute to the transmission of L. monocytogenes in the herd.
Journal ArticleDOI
Substitutions in PBP2b from β-lactam resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae have different effects on enzymatic activity and drug reactivity
Philippe Calvez,Eefjan Breukink,David I. Roper,Mélanie Dib,Carlos Contreras-Martel,André Zapun +5 more
TL;DR: Comparing the peptidoglycan cross-linking activity of PBP2b from susceptible and resistant strains with their inhibition by different β-lactams indicates that some of the numerous amino acid substitutions were selected to restore a viable level of enzymatic activity by a compensatory molecular mechanism.
Journal ArticleDOI
Peptidoglycan synthesis in Tannerella forsythia: Scavenging is the modus operandi.
Angela Ruscitto,Ashu Sharma +1 more
TL;DR: The mechanisms by which T. forsythia is able to scavenge MurNAc, muropeptide and sialic acid for its peptidoglycan synthesis, and the impact of these scavenging activities on pathogenesis are explored.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Chemical Relationship Among Beta-Lactam Antibiotics and Potential Impacts on Reactivity and Decomposition
Jonathan Turner,Alyssa K Muraoka,Michael K. Bedenbaugh,Blaine C. Childress,Laurent Pernot,Mark Wiencek,Yuri K. Peterson +6 more
TL;DR: A novel method is utilized to compare the structural relationships of β-lactam antibiotics among the radial cladogram and describe the positioning with respect to efficacy, resistance to hydrolysis, reported hypersensitivity, and Woodward height, resulting in a structural relational map: the “Lactamome,” which positions each substance according to architecture and chemical end-group.
References
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