The penicillin-binding proteins: structure and role in peptidoglycan biosynthesis
TLDR
An overview of the content in PBPs of some bacteria is provided with an emphasis on comparing the biochemical properties of homologous PBPs (orthologues) belonging to different bacteria.Abstract:
Penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) have been scrutinized for over 40 years. Recent structural information on PBPs together with the ongoing long-term biochemical experimental investigations, and results from more recent techniques such as protein localization by green fluorescent protein-fusion immunofluorescence or double-hybrid assay, have brought our understanding of the last stages of the peptidoglycan biosynthesis to an outstanding level that allows a broad outlook on the properties of these enzymes. Details are emerging regarding the interaction between the peptidoglycan-synthesizing PBPs and the peptidoglycan, their mesh net-like product that surrounds and protects bacteria. This review focuses on the detailed structure of PBPs and their implication in peptidoglycan synthesis, maturation and recycling. An overview of the content in PBPs of some bacteria is provided with an emphasis on comparing the biochemical properties of homologous PBPs (orthologues) belonging to different bacteria.read more
Citations
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The Bacterial Cell Envelope
TL;DR: The bacteria cell envelope is a complex multilayered structure that serves to protect these organisms from their unpredictable and often hostile environment.
Journal ArticleDOI
Peptidoglycan structure and architecture
TL;DR: In several species examined, the fine structure of the peptidoglycan significantly varies with the growth conditions, and the different models for the architecture are discussed with respect to structural and physical parameters.
Journal ArticleDOI
The oyster genome reveals stress adaptation and complexity of shell formation
Guofan Zhang,Xiaodong Fang,Ximing Guo,Li Li,Ruibang Luo,Fei Xu,Pengcheng Yang,Linlin Zhang,Xiaotong Wang,Haigang Qi,Zhiqiang Xiong,Huayong Que,Yinlong Xie,Peter W. H. Holland,Jordi Paps,Yabing Zhu,Fucun Wu,Yuanxin Chen,Jiafeng Wang,Chunfang Peng,Jie Meng,Lan Yang,Jun Liu,Bo Wen,Na Zhang,Zhiyong Huang,Qihui Zhu,Yue Feng,Andrew S. Mount,Dennis Hedgecock,Zhe Xu,Yunjie Liu,Tomislav Domazet-Lošo,Yishuai Du,Xiaoqing Sun,Shoudu Zhang,Binghang Liu,Peizhou Cheng,Xuanting Jiang,Juan Li,Dingding Fan,Wei Wang,Wenjing Fu,Tong Wang,Bo Wang,Jibiao Zhang,Zhiyu Peng,Yingxiang Li,Na Li,Jinpeng Wang,Maoshan Chen,Yan He,Fengji Tan,Xiaorui Song,Qiumei Zheng,Ronglian Huang,Hailong Yang,Du Xuedi,Li Chen,Mei Yang,Patrick M. Gaffney,Shan Wang,Longhai Luo,Zhicai She,Yao Ming,Huang Wen,Shu Zhang,Baoyu Huang,Yong Zhang,Tao Qu,Peixiang Ni,Guoying Miao,Junyi Wang,Qiang Wang,Christian E. W. Steinberg,Haiyan Wang,Ning Li,Lumin Qian,Guojie Zhang,Yingrui Li,Huanming Yang,Xiao Liu,Jian Wang,Ye Yin,Jun Wang +84 more
TL;DR: The sequencing and assembly of the oyster genome using short reads and a fosmid-pooling strategy and transcriptomes of development and stress response and the proteome of the shell are reported, showing that shell formation in molluscs is more complex than currently understood and involves extensive participation of cells and their exosomes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Three Decades of β-Lactamase Inhibitors
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review the catalytic mechanisms of each β-lactamase class and discuss approaches for circumventing β-latamase-mediated resistance, including properties and characteristics of mechanism-based inactivators.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bacterial peptidoglycan (murein) hydrolases.
TL;DR: The current view on the regulation of autolysins and on the role of cytoplasm hydrolases in peptidoglycan recycling and induction of beta-lactamase is reviewed.
References
More filters
Journal ArticleDOI
The biosynthesis of peptidoglycan lipid‐linked intermediates
TL;DR: This review summarizes the current knowledge on the membrane steps leading to the formation of the lipid II intermediate, i.e. the substrate of the polymerization reactions.
Journal ArticleDOI
Use of bacteriolytic enzymes in determination of wall structure and their role in cell metabolism.
TL;DR: The structure and characterization of the i-Ala-(D)-meso-DAP cross-linkages between peptide subunits and the -y-carboxyl group ofglutamic acid in the link to NH2-(L-mesoDAP is revealed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Structural basis for the |[beta]| lactam resistance of PBP2a from methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
TL;DR: Structures of the acyl-PBP complexes of PBP2a with nitrocefin, penicillin G and methicillin allow, for the first time, a comparison of an apo and acylated resistant PBP.
Journal ArticleDOI
Penicillin Binding Proteins: key players in bacterial cell cycle and drug resistance processes
TL;DR: Structural, functional and biological features of penicillin-binding proteins, albeit having initially been identified several decades ago, are now being aggressively pursued as highly attractive targets for the development of novel antibiotherapies.