The Psychosis High-Risk State: A Comprehensive State-of-the-Art Review
Paolo Fusar-Poli,Stefan Borgwardt,Andreas Bechdolf,Jean Addington,Anita Riecher-Rössler,Frauke Schultze-Lutter,Matcheri S. Keshavan,Stephen J. Wood,Stephan Ruhrmann,Larry J. Seidman,Lucia Valmaggia,Tyrone D. Cannon,Eva Velthorst,Lieuwe de Haan,Barbara A. Cornblatt,Ilaria Bonoldi,Max Birchwood,Thomas H. McGlashan,William T. Carpenter,Patrick D. McGorry,Joachim Klosterkötter,Philip McGuire,Alison R. Yung +22 more
TLDR
The relatively new field of HR research in psychosis has the potential to shed light on the development of major psychotic disorders and to alter their course and provides a rationale for service provision to those in need of help who could not previously access it.Abstract:
Context During the past 2 decades, a major transition in the clinical characterization of psychotic disorders has occurred. The construct of a clinical high-risk (HR) state for psychosis has evolved to capture the prepsychotic phase, describing people presenting with potentially prodromal symptoms. The importance of this HR state has been increasingly recognized to such an extent that a new syndrome is being considered as a diagnostic category in the DSM-5. Objective To reframe the HR state in a comprehensive state-of-the-art review on the progress that has been made while also recognizing the challenges that remain. Data Sources Available HR research of the past 20 years from PubMed, books, meetings, abstracts, and international conferences. Study Selection and Data Extraction Critical review of HR studies addressing historical development, inclusion criteria, epidemiologic research, transition criteria, outcomes, clinical and functional characteristics, neurocognition, neuroimaging, predictors of psychosis development, treatment trials, socioeconomic aspects, nosography, and future challenges in the field. Data Synthesis Relevant articles retrieved in the literature search were discussed by a large group of leading worldwide experts in the field. The core results are presented after consensus and are summarized in illustrative tables and figures. Conclusions The relatively new field of HR research in psychosis is exciting. It has the potential to shed light on the development of major psychotic disorders and to alter their course. It also provides a rationale for service provision to those in need of help who could not previously access it and the possibility of changing trajectories for those with vulnerability to psychotic illnesses.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Distinct white-matter aberrations in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and patients at ultra-high risk for psychosis.
Geor Bakker,Matthan W.A. Caan,R S Schluter,Oswald J.N. Bloemen,F. Da Silva-Alves,M B de Koning,Erik Boot,W.A.M. Vingerhoets,Dorien H. Nieman,L. de Haan,Jan Booij,T. van Amelsvoort +11 more
TL;DR: UHR and 22q11DS patients share a susceptibility for developing psychosis yet were characterized by distinct patterns of WM alterations relative to HC, which may specify WM markers related to genetic and clinical risk factors.
Journal Article
Metabolic issues in psychotic disorders with the focus on first-episode patients: a review.
Dubravka Britvić,Nadja P. Maric,Mirjana Doknic,Sandra Pekic,Sanja Andric,Miroslava Jašović-Gašić,Vera Popovic +6 more
TL;DR: This paper critically reviews available data on metabolic problems in patients with psychotic disorders, raging from genetic to molecular and environmental factors, and highlights the necessity of screening for the early signs of metabolic disturbances, as well as of multidisciplinary assessment of psychiatric and medical conditions from the first psychotic episode.
Journal ArticleDOI
The WERCAP Screen and the WERC Stress Screen: psychometrics of self-rated instruments for assessing bipolar and psychotic disorder risk and perceived stress burden
TL;DR: The results show that the WERCAP Screen and the WERC Stress Screen are easy to administer and derived scores are related to cognitive and clinical traits, which suggests that their use could have particular benefits for epidemiologic studies and in busy clinical settings.
Journal ArticleDOI
Voxel‐based morphometry for separation of schizophrenia from other types of psychosis in first‐episode psychosis
Lena Palaniyappan,Nicola Maayan,Hanna Bergman,Clare Davenport,Clive E Adams,Karla Soares-Weiser +5 more
TL;DR: There is no evidence to currently support diagnosing schizophrenia (as opposed to other psychotic disorders) using the pattern of brain changes seen in VBM studies in patients with first episode psychosis.
Journal ArticleDOI
Psychotic symptoms influence the development of anterior cingulate BOLD variability in 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.
Daniela Zöller,Daniela Zöller,Maria Carmela Padula,Corrado Sandini,Maude Schneider,Elisa Scariati,Dimitri Van De Ville,Dimitri Van De Ville,Marie Schaer,Stephan Eliez +9 more
TL;DR: The results revealed a missing positive age-relationship in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) in patients with higher positive psychotic symptoms, leading to globally lower variability in the dACC in those patients.
References
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BookDOI
Reducing risks for mental disorders: Frontiers for preventive intervention research.
TL;DR: This study provides a targeted definition of prevention and a conceptual framework that emphasizes risk reduction and presents a focused research agenda, with recommendations on how to develop effective intervention programs, create a cadre of prevention researchers, and improve coordination among federal agencies.
Journal ArticleDOI
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the psychosis continuum: evidence for a psychosis proneness-persistence-impairment model of psychotic disorder
TL;DR: There is evidence, however, that transitory developmental expression of psychosis (psychosis proneness) may become abnormally persistent and subsequently clinically relevant (impairment), depending on the degree of environmental risk the person is additionally exposed to.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mapping the onset of psychosis: the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States
Alison R. Yung,Hok Pan Yuen,Patrick D. McGorry,Lisa J. Phillips,D. Kelly,Margaret Dell'Olio,Shona M. Francey,Elizabeth Cosgrave,Eoin Killackey,Carrie Stanford,Katherine Godfrey,Joe A. Buckby +11 more
TL;DR: The CAARMS instrument provides a useful platform for monitoring sub threshold psychotic symptoms for worsening into full-threshold psychotic disorder and has good to excellent reliability.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prodromal Assessment With the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes and the Scale of Prodromal Symptoms: Predictive Validity, Interrater Reliability, and Training to Reliability
Tandy J. Miller,Thomas H. McGlashan,Joanna Lifshey Rosen,Kristen Cadenhead,Joseph Ventura,William R. McFarlane,Diana O. Perkins,Godfrey D. Pearlson,Scott W. Woods +8 more
TL;DR: Data is presented suggesting that excellent interrater reliability can be established for diagnosis in a day-and-a-half-long training workshop and on the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes and the Scale of ProDromal Symptoms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neuroanatomical abnormalities before and after onset of psychosis: a cross-sectional and longitudinal MRI comparison.
Christos Pantelis,Christos Pantelis,Dennis Velakoulis,Dennis Velakoulis,Patrick D. McGorry,Stephen J. Wood,Stephen J. Wood,John Suckling,Lisa J. Phillips,Alison R. Yung,Edward T. Bullmore,Warrick J. Brewer,Warrick J. Brewer,Bridget Soulsby,Bridget Soulsby,Patricia Desmond,Philip McGuire +16 more
TL;DR: Some of the grey-matter abnormalities associated with psychotic disorders predate the onset of frank symptoms, whereas others appear in association with their first expression.