The Psychosis High-Risk State: A Comprehensive State-of-the-Art Review
Paolo Fusar-Poli,Stefan Borgwardt,Andreas Bechdolf,Jean Addington,Anita Riecher-Rössler,Frauke Schultze-Lutter,Matcheri S. Keshavan,Stephen J. Wood,Stephan Ruhrmann,Larry J. Seidman,Lucia Valmaggia,Tyrone D. Cannon,Eva Velthorst,Lieuwe de Haan,Barbara A. Cornblatt,Ilaria Bonoldi,Max Birchwood,Thomas H. McGlashan,William T. Carpenter,Patrick D. McGorry,Joachim Klosterkötter,Philip McGuire,Alison R. Yung +22 more
TLDR
The relatively new field of HR research in psychosis has the potential to shed light on the development of major psychotic disorders and to alter their course and provides a rationale for service provision to those in need of help who could not previously access it.Abstract:
Context During the past 2 decades, a major transition in the clinical characterization of psychotic disorders has occurred. The construct of a clinical high-risk (HR) state for psychosis has evolved to capture the prepsychotic phase, describing people presenting with potentially prodromal symptoms. The importance of this HR state has been increasingly recognized to such an extent that a new syndrome is being considered as a diagnostic category in the DSM-5. Objective To reframe the HR state in a comprehensive state-of-the-art review on the progress that has been made while also recognizing the challenges that remain. Data Sources Available HR research of the past 20 years from PubMed, books, meetings, abstracts, and international conferences. Study Selection and Data Extraction Critical review of HR studies addressing historical development, inclusion criteria, epidemiologic research, transition criteria, outcomes, clinical and functional characteristics, neurocognition, neuroimaging, predictors of psychosis development, treatment trials, socioeconomic aspects, nosography, and future challenges in the field. Data Synthesis Relevant articles retrieved in the literature search were discussed by a large group of leading worldwide experts in the field. The core results are presented after consensus and are summarized in illustrative tables and figures. Conclusions The relatively new field of HR research in psychosis is exciting. It has the potential to shed light on the development of major psychotic disorders and to alter their course. It also provides a rationale for service provision to those in need of help who could not previously access it and the possibility of changing trajectories for those with vulnerability to psychotic illnesses.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Outreach and support in South-London (OASIS) 2001-2020: Twenty years of early detection, prognosis and preventive care for young people at risk of psychosis
Paolo Fusar-Poli,Thomas J. Spencer,Andrea De Micheli,Victoria Curzi,Sunil Nandha,Philip McGuire +5 more
TL;DR: With a twenty-years activity, OASIS’ cutting-edge quality of preventive care, combined with translational research innovations, consolidated the service as a leading reference model for evidence-based prevention of psychosis worldwide.
Journal ArticleDOI
Bias against disconfirmatory evidence in the 'at-risk mental state' and during psychosis
Sarah Eisenacher,Franziska Rausch,Daniela Mier,Sabrina Fenske,Ruth Veckenstedt,Susanne Englisch,Anna Becker,Christina Andreou,Steffen Moritz,Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg,Peter Kirsch,Mathias Zink +11 more
TL;DR: Investigating BADE for the first time in subjects with an at-risk-mental-state for psychosis, patients with a first episode of psychosis without antipsychotic treatment (FEP) and healthy controls provided evidence for aberrations in evidence integration in the pathogenesis of psychosis and contributed to knowledge of metacognitive functioning which can be used for (meta-)cognitive intervention in psychosis.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Ultra-High-Risk for psychosis groups: Evidence to maintain the status quo
Meredith J. McHugh,Patrick D. McGorry,Hok Pan Yuen,Ian B. Hickie,Andrew Thompson,L. de Haan,Nilufar Mossaheb,S. Smesny,Ashleigh Lin,Connie Markulev,Monika Schloegelhofer,Stephen J. Wood,Dorien H. Nieman,Jessica A. Hartmann,Merete Nordentoft,Miriam R. Schäfer,G.P. Amminger,Alison R. Yung,Barnaby Nelson +18 more
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that UHR groups evidence a similar clinical risk profile when they expand this beyond transition to psychosis, and consequently support maintaining the existing UHR criteria.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neurocognition in Early-Onset Schizophrenia
TL;DR: This article summarizes and synthesizes available data with regards to the profile of cognitive impairments in EOS, their severity, and their evolution over the course of the disorder.
Journal ArticleDOI
The association between cognitive deficits and depressive symptoms in at-risk mental state: A comparison with first-episode psychosis
Noriyuki Ohmuro,Kazunori Matsumoto,Masahiro Katsura,Chika Obara,Tatsuo Kikuchi,Yumiko Hamaie,Atsushi Sakuma,Kunio Iizuka,Fumiaki Ito,Fumiaki Ito,Hiroo Matsuoka +10 more
TL;DR: A relationship between cognitive deficits and depression appears to be specific to ARMS compared to FEP.
References
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BookDOI
Reducing risks for mental disorders: Frontiers for preventive intervention research.
TL;DR: This study provides a targeted definition of prevention and a conceptual framework that emphasizes risk reduction and presents a focused research agenda, with recommendations on how to develop effective intervention programs, create a cadre of prevention researchers, and improve coordination among federal agencies.
Journal ArticleDOI
A systematic review and meta-analysis of the psychosis continuum: evidence for a psychosis proneness-persistence-impairment model of psychotic disorder
TL;DR: There is evidence, however, that transitory developmental expression of psychosis (psychosis proneness) may become abnormally persistent and subsequently clinically relevant (impairment), depending on the degree of environmental risk the person is additionally exposed to.
Journal ArticleDOI
Mapping the onset of psychosis: the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States
Alison R. Yung,Hok Pan Yuen,Patrick D. McGorry,Lisa J. Phillips,D. Kelly,Margaret Dell'Olio,Shona M. Francey,Elizabeth Cosgrave,Eoin Killackey,Carrie Stanford,Katherine Godfrey,Joe A. Buckby +11 more
TL;DR: The CAARMS instrument provides a useful platform for monitoring sub threshold psychotic symptoms for worsening into full-threshold psychotic disorder and has good to excellent reliability.
Journal ArticleDOI
Prodromal Assessment With the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes and the Scale of Prodromal Symptoms: Predictive Validity, Interrater Reliability, and Training to Reliability
Tandy J. Miller,Thomas H. McGlashan,Joanna Lifshey Rosen,Kristen Cadenhead,Joseph Ventura,William R. McFarlane,Diana O. Perkins,Godfrey D. Pearlson,Scott W. Woods +8 more
TL;DR: Data is presented suggesting that excellent interrater reliability can be established for diagnosis in a day-and-a-half-long training workshop and on the Structured Interview for Prodromal Syndromes and the Scale of ProDromal Symptoms.
Journal ArticleDOI
Neuroanatomical abnormalities before and after onset of psychosis: a cross-sectional and longitudinal MRI comparison.
Christos Pantelis,Christos Pantelis,Dennis Velakoulis,Dennis Velakoulis,Patrick D. McGorry,Stephen J. Wood,Stephen J. Wood,John Suckling,Lisa J. Phillips,Alison R. Yung,Edward T. Bullmore,Warrick J. Brewer,Warrick J. Brewer,Bridget Soulsby,Bridget Soulsby,Patricia Desmond,Philip McGuire +16 more
TL;DR: Some of the grey-matter abnormalities associated with psychotic disorders predate the onset of frank symptoms, whereas others appear in association with their first expression.