The tension mounts: stress fibers as force-generating mechanotransducers.
Keith Burridge,Erika S. Wittchen +1 more
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TLDR
New work is shedding light on the mechanosensitive properties of stress fibers, including that these structures can respond to mechanical tension by rapid reinforcement and that there are mechanisms to repair strain-induced damage.Abstract:
Stress fibers (SFs) are often the most prominent cytoskeletal structures in cells growing in tissue culture. Composed of actin filaments, myosin II, and many other proteins, SFs are force-generating and tension-bearing structures that respond to the surrounding physical environment. New work is shedding light on the mechanosensitive properties of SFs, including that these structures can respond to mechanical tension by rapid reinforcement and that there are mechanisms to repair strain-induced damage. Although SFs are superficially similar in organization to the sarcomeres of striated muscle, there are intriguing differences in their organization and behavior, indicating that much still needs to be learned about these structures.read more
Citations
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Actin Dynamics, Architecture, and Mechanics in Cell Motility
TL;DR: The feedback loop between biochemical and mechanical properties of actin organization at the molecular level in vitro is described and this knowledge is integrated into the current understanding of cellular actin organizations and its physiological roles.
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Blood-brain barrier dysfunction and recovery after ischemic stroke.
Xiaoyan Jiang,Xiaoyan Jiang,Anuska V. Andjelkovic,Ling Zhu,Tuo Yang,Michael V. L. Bennett,Michael V. L. Bennett,Jun Chen,Jun Chen,Richard F. Keep,Yejie Shi +10 more
TL;DR: With the development of novel research tools, future research on theBBB is likely to reveal promising potential therapeutic targets for protecting the BBB and improving patient outcome after ischemic stroke.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Actin Cytoskeleton and Actin-Based Motility
TL;DR: The actin cytoskeleton-a collection of actin filaments with their accessory and regulatory proteins-is the primary force-generating machinery in the cell, and can produce pushing (protrusive) forces through coordinated polymerization of multiple actin Filaments or pulling forces through sliding actinfilaments along bipolar filaments of myosin II.
Journal ArticleDOI
Integrins in mechanotransduction
Tyler D Ross,Brian Bg Coon,Sanguk Yun,Nicolas Baeyens,Keiichiro Tanaka,Mingxing Ouyang,Martin A. Schwartz +6 more
TL;DR: Effects of forces on organs, tissues, and cells are summarized; recent advances toward understanding molecular mechanisms are discussed; and the role of Integrin-mediated adhesions is discussed.
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Physics of adherent cells
TL;DR: Recent progress in the understanding of the role of forces in cell adhesion is reviewed from the viewpoint of theoretical soft matter physics and in close relation to the relevant experiments.
References
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The small GTP-binding protein rho regulates the assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers in response to growth factors.
Anne J. Ridley,Alan Hall +1 more
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Matthew J. Paszek,Nastaran Zahir,Kandice R. Johnson,Johnathon N. Lakins,Gabriela I. Rozenberg,Amit Gefen,Cynthia A. Reinhart-King,Susan S. Margulies,Micah Dembo,David Boettiger,Daniel A. Hammer,Valerie M. Weaver +11 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
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Kazushi Kimura,Masaaki Ito,Mutsuki Amano,Kazuyasu Chihara,Yuko Fukata,Masato Nakafuku,Bunpei Yamamori,Jianhua Feng,Takeshi Nakano,Katsuya Okawa,Akihiro Iwamatsu,Kozo Kaibuchi +11 more
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Journal ArticleDOI
Force and focal adhesion assembly: a close relationship studied using elastic micropatterned substrates
Nathalie Q. Balaban,Ulrich S. Schwarz,Daniel Riveline,Polina Goichberg,Gila Tzur,Ilana Sabanay,Diana Mahalu,Samuel A. Safran,Alexander D. Bershadsky,Lia Addadi,Benjamin Geiger +10 more
TL;DR: The results put clear constraints on the possible molecular mechanisms for the mechanosensory response of focal adhesions to applied force.