Journal ArticleDOI
Thermal pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass
TLDR
In this article, a lobster pine was treated by wet torrefaction (hot compressed water, 200-260°C) and dry torrefraction (nitrogen, 250-300°C), with mass yield of solid product ranging between 57 and 89%.Abstract:
Torrefaction is a process to convert diverse lignocellulosic biomass feedstocks into an energy dense homogeneous solid, a pretreatment for subsequent thermochemical conversion. Loblolly pine was treated by wet torrefaction (hot compressed water, 200–260°C) and dry torrefaction (nitrogen, 250–300°C), with mass yield of solid product ranging between 57 and 89%, and energy densification to 108–136% of the original feedstock. The solid product has been characterized, including proximate analysis, fiber analysis, ultimate analysis, and equilibrium moisture. In both dry and wet torrefaction, increasing temperature results in decreased mass yield and increased energy densification, and results in a solid with increased carbon content, decreased oxygen content, and decreased volatiles. The biomass is transformed into a fuel similar to a low-rank coal. Generally, the wet torrefaction process produces a solid with greater energy density than dry torrefaction, with the same mass yield. The fiber analysis indicates that hemicellulose is quickly removed during wet torrefaction, and the solid product contains substantial quantities of aqueous soluble compounds. The equilibrium moisture content of solids produced by both processes is somewhat decreased from that of the biomass feedstock, indicating a hydrophobic solid suitable for storage and transportation. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2009read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Lignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis mechanism: A state-of-the-art review
TL;DR: A broad review of the state-of-the-art biomass pyrolysis research can be found in this article, where three major components (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) are discussed in detail.
Journal ArticleDOI
A comparative review of biochar and hydrochar in terms of production, physico-chemical properties and applications
TL;DR: In this paper, an updated review on the fundamentals and reaction mechanisms of the slow-pyrolysis and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) processes, identifies research gaps, and summarizes the physicochemical characteristics of chars for different applications in the industry.
Journal ArticleDOI
A state-of-the-art review of biomass torrefaction, densification and applications
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provide a comprehensive review of research progress in this area, drawing on major contributions from two major research groups of the authors on torrefaction and densification at Canada and Taiwan as well as literatures.
Journal ArticleDOI
Production of solid biochar fuel from waste biomass by hydrothermal carbonization
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used hydrothermal carbonization to upgrade waste biomass and increase its energy density at temperatures ranging from 150 to 375°C and a residence time of 30min.
Journal ArticleDOI
Hydrothermal Carbonization (HTC) of Lignocellulosic Biomass
TL;DR: In this article, a 2 L Parr stirred pressure vessel was used to apply the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) process to a mixed wood feedstock, and the effects of the reaction conditions on product compositions and yields were examined by varying temperature over the range of 215−295 °C and varying reaction hold time over a range of 5−60 min.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
More efficient biomass gasification via torrefaction
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors compared three types of pre-treatment for wood torrefaction: air-blown gasification of wood, air-blowing of torrefied wood, and oxygen-blending of wood at atmospheric pressure.
Journal ArticleDOI
Torrefaction of wood: Part 1. Weight loss kinetics
TL;DR: In this paper, the weight loss kinetics for torrefaction of willow, a deciduous wood type, was studied by isothermal thermogravimetry, and a two-step reaction in series model was found to give an accurate description.
Journal ArticleDOI
Torrefaction of wood: Part 2. Analysis of products
TL;DR: The torrefied wood product has a brown/black color, reduced volatile content and increased energy density: 20.7 MJ/kg (after 15 min reaction time at 270 °C) versus 17.7MJ/kg for untreated willow.
Journal ArticleDOI
Optimization of hydrothermal pretreatment of wheat straw for production of bioethanol at low water consumption without addition of chemicals
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe optimization of continuous hydrothermal pretreatment of wheat straw at pilot scale (up to 100 kg −1 ) where six different pretreatment conditions have been investigated; all pretreatment condition have been evaluated with regards to recovery of sugars after pretreatment (both C5 and C6) and convertibility of the cellulosic part of the fibers into ethanol.
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