Journal ArticleDOI
Tracking apex marine predator movements in a dynamic ocean
Barbara A. Block,Ian D. Jonsen,Salvador J. Jorgensen,Arliss J. Winship,Scott A. Shaffer,Steven J. Bograd,Elliott L. Hazen,David G. Foley,Greg A. Breed,Greg A. Breed,Autumn-Lynn Harrison,James E. Ganong,Alan M. Swithenbank,Michael Castleton,Heidi Dewar,Bruce R. Mate,George L. Shillinger,Kurt M. Schaefer,Scott R. Benson,Michael J. Weise,Robert W. Henry,Daniel P. Costa +21 more
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TLDR
It is shown that top predators exploit their environment in predictable ways, providing the foundation for spatial management of large marine ecosystems, and critical habitats across multinational boundaries are identified.Abstract:
Pelagic marine predators face unprecedented challenges and uncertain futures. Overexploitation and climate variability impact the abundance and distribution of top predators in ocean ecosystems. Improved understanding of ecological patterns, evolutionary constraints and ecosystem function is critical for preventing extinctions, loss of biodiversity and disruption of ecosystem services. Recent advances in electronic tagging techniques have provided the capacity to observe the movements and long-distance migrations of animals in relation to ocean processes across a range of ecological scales. Tagging of Pacific Predators, a field programme of the Census of Marine Life, deployed 4,306 tags on 23 species in the North Pacific Ocean, resulting in a tracking data set of unprecedented scale and species diversity that covers 265,386 tracking days from 2000 to 2009. Here we report migration pathways, link ocean features to multispecies hotspots and illustrate niche partitioning within and among congener guilds. Our results indicate that the California Current large marine ecosystem and the North Pacific transition zone attract and retain a diverse assemblage of marine vertebrates. Within the California Current large marine ecosystem, several predator guilds seasonally undertake north-south migrations that may be driven by oceanic processes, species-specific thermal tolerances and shifts in prey distributions. We identify critical habitats across multinational boundaries and show that top predators exploit their environment in predictable ways, providing the foundation for spatial management of large marine ecosystems.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Aquatic animal telemetry: A panoramic window into the underwater world
Nigel E. Hussey,Steven T. Kessel,Kim Aarestrup,Steven J. Cooke,Paul D. Cowley,Aaron T. Fisk,Robert Harcourt,Kim N. Holland,Sara J. Iverson,John F. Kocik,Joanna Mills Flemming,Fred Whoriskey +11 more
TL;DR: A brave new world with a wider view Researchers have long attempted to follow animals as they move through their environment, but such efforts were limited to short distances and times in species large enough to carry large batteries and transmitters, while new technologies have opened up new frontiers in animal tracking remote data collection.
Journal ArticleDOI
Repeated, Long-Distance Migrations by a Philopatric Predator Targeting Highly Contrasting Ecosystems
James S. E. Lea,Bradley M. Wetherbee,Nuno Queiroz,Neil Burnie,Choy Aming,Laura L. Sousa,Gonzalo Mucientes,Nicolas E. Humphries,Guy M. Harvey,David W. Sims,Mahmood S. Shivji +10 more
TL;DR: The predictable migratory patterns and use of highly divergent ecosystems shown by male tiger sharks appear broadly similar to migrations seen in birds, reptiles and mammals, and highlight opportunities for dynamic spatial management and conservation measures of highly mobile sharks.
Journal ArticleDOI
Climate change and wind intensification in coastal upwelling ecosystems
William J. Sydeman,Marisol García-Reyes,David S. Schoeman,Ryan R. Rykaczewski,Sarah Ann Thompson,Bryan A. Black,Steven J. Bograd +6 more
TL;DR: Overall, reported changes in coastal winds, although subtle and spatially variable, support Bakun’s hypothesis of upwelling intensification in eastern boundary current systems.
Journal ArticleDOI
Predicted habitat shifts of Pacific top predators in a changing climate
Elliott L. Hazen,Elliott L. Hazen,Salvador J. Jorgensen,Ryan R. Rykaczewski,Steven J. Bograd,David G. Foley,David G. Foley,Ian D. Jonsen,Scott A. Shaffer,John P. Dunne,Daniel P. Costa,Larry B. Crowder,Barbara A. Block +12 more
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the potential effect of climate change on the distribution and diversity of marine top predators and found that, based on data from electronic tags on 23 marine species, a change in core habitat range of up to 35% is possible for some species by 2100.
Journal ArticleDOI
Key Questions in Marine Megafauna Movement Ecology
Graeme C. Hays,Luciana C. Ferreira,Luciana C. Ferreira,Ana M. M. Sequeira,Mark G. Meekan,Carlos M. Duarte,Helen Bailey,Fred Bailleul,W. Don Bowen,M. Julian Caley,M. Julian Caley,Daniel P. Costa,Víctor M. Eguíluz,Sabrina Fossette,Ari S. Friedlaender,Nick Gales,Adrian C. Gleiss,John Gunn,Robert Harcourt,Elliott L. Hazen,Michael R. Heithaus,Michelle R. Heupel,Michelle R. Heupel,Kim N. Holland,Markus Horning,Ian D. Jonsen,Gerald L. Kooyman,Christopher G. Lowe,Peter T. Madsen,Peter T. Madsen,Helene Marsh,Richard A. Phillips,David Righton,Yan Ropert-Coudert,Katsufumi Sato,Scott A. Shaffer,Colin A. Simpfendorfer,David W. Sims,David W. Sims,David W. Sims,Gregory B. Skomal,Akinori Takahashi,Philip N. Trathan,Martin Wikelski,Martin Wikelski,Jamie N. Womble,Michele Thums +46 more
TL;DR: This exercise assembled 40 experts to identify key questions in this field, focussing on marine megafauna, which include a broad range of birds, mammals, reptiles, and fish, and shows that the questions have broad applicability to other taxa, including terrestrial animals, flying insects, and swimming invertebrates.
References
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Book
Generalized Additive Models: An Introduction with R, Second Edition
TL;DR: In this article, a simple linear model is proposed to describe the geometry of linear models, and a general linear model specification in R is presented. But the theory of linear model theory is not discussed.
Journal ArticleDOI
Generalized Additive Models: An Introduction With R
TL;DR: Robinson, R. (2007). Generalized Additive Models: An Introduction With R.(2007).
Journal ArticleDOI
Rapid worldwide depletion of predatory fish communities
Ransom A. Myers,Boris Worm +1 more
TL;DR: The analysis suggests that management based on recent data alone may be misleading, and provides minimum estimates for unexploited communities, which could serve as the 'missing baseline' needed for future restoration efforts.
Journal ArticleDOI
From anchovies to sardines and back: multidecadal change in the Pacific Ocean.
TL;DR: In the Pacific Ocean, air and ocean temperatures, atmospheric carbon dioxide, landings of anchovies and sardines, and the productivity of coastal and open ocean ecosystems have varied over periods of about 50 years.
Journal ArticleDOI
Global patterns and predictors of marine biodiversity across taxa
Derek P. Tittensor,Camilo Mora,Walter Jetz,Heike K. Lotze,Daniel Ricard,Edward Vanden Berghe,Boris Worm +6 more
TL;DR: Two major patterns emerged: coastal species showed maximum diversity in the Western Pacific, whereas oceanic groups consistently peaked across broad mid-latitudinal bands in all oceans, and changes in ocean temperature, in conjunction with other human impacts, may ultimately rearrange the global distribution of life in the ocean.
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