Journal ArticleDOI
Tumor stroma and regulation of cancer development.
Thea D. Tlsty,Lisa M. Coussens +1 more
TLDR
This review highlights the aspects of cancer development that, like organogenesis during embryonic development and tissue repair in adult mammals, are regulated by interactions between epithelial cells, activated stromal cells, and soluble and insoluble components of the extracellular matrix.Abstract:
In the past 25 years, a majority of cancer studies have focused on examining functional consequences of activating and/or inactivating mutations in critical genes implicated in cell cycle control. These studies have taught us a great deal about the functions of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes and the signaling pathways regulating cell proliferation and/or cell death. However, such studies have largely ignored the fact that cancers are heterogeneous cellular entities whose growth is dependent upon reciprocal interactions between genetically altered “initiated” cells and the dynamic microenvironment in which they live. This review highlights the aspects of cancer development that, like organogenesis during embryonic development and tissue repair in adult mammals, are regulated by interactions between epithelial cells, activated stromal cells, and soluble and insoluble components of the extracellular matrix.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Supervised Risk Predictor of Breast Cancer Based on Intrinsic Subtypes
Joel S. Parker,Michael Mullins,Maggie C.U. Cheang,Samuel Leung,David Voduc,Tammi L. Vickery,Sherri R. Davies,Christiane Fauron,Xiaping He,Zhiyuan Hu,John Quackenbush,Inge J. Stijleman,Juan P. Palazzo,James Stephen Marron,Andrew B. Nobel,Elaine R. Mardis,Torsten O. Nielsen,Matthew J. Ellis,Charles M. Perou,Philip S. Bernard +19 more
TL;DR: D diagnosis by intrinsic subtype adds significant prognostic and predictive information to standard parameters for patients with breast cancer.
Journal ArticleDOI
Accessories to the Crime: Functions of Cells Recruited to the Tumor Microenvironment
Douglas Hanahan,Lisa M. Coussens +1 more
TL;DR: Most of the hallmarks of cancer are enabled and sustained to varying degrees through contributions from repertoires of stromal cell types and distinctive subcell types, which presents interesting new targets for anticancer therapy.
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Microenvironmental regulation of metastasis
TL;DR: Experimental data demonstrating the role of the microenvironment in metastasis is described, areas for future research are identified and possible new therapeutic avenues are suggested.
Journal ArticleDOI
Stem Cells and Niches: Mechanisms That Promote Stem Cell Maintenance throughout Life
TL;DR: Niches are local tissue microenvironments that maintain and regulate stem cells that are key to the regulation of homeostasis and likely contribute to aging and tumorigenesis when altered during adulthood.
Journal ArticleDOI
Intra-tumour heterogeneity: a looking glass for cancer?
TL;DR: This Review discusses both genetic and non-genetic causes of phenotypic heterogeneity of tumour cells, with an emphasis on heritable phenotypes that serve as a substrate for clonal selection and the implications of intra-tumour heterogeneity in diagnostics and the development of therapeutic resistance.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
The hallmarks of cancer.
TL;DR: This work has been supported by the Department of the Army and the National Institutes of Health, and the author acknowledges the support and encouragement of the National Cancer Institute.
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Inflammation and cancer
Lisa M. Coussens,Zena Werb +1 more
TL;DR: It is now becoming clear that the tumour microenvironment, which is largely orchestrated by inflammatory cells, is an indispensable participant in the neoplastic process, fostering proliferation, survival and migration.
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Angiogenesis in cancer and other diseases
Peter Carmeliet,Rakesh K. Jain +1 more
TL;DR: Pathological angiogenesis is a hallmark of cancer and various ischaemic and inflammatory diseases and integrated understanding is leading to the development of a number of exciting and bold approaches to treat cancer and other diseases, but owing to several unanswered questions, caution is needed.
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Integrins: Bidirectional, Allosteric Signaling Machines
TL;DR: Current structural and cell biological data suggest models for how integrins transmit signals between their extracellular ligand binding adhesion sites and their cytoplasmic domains, which link to the cytoskeleton and to signal transduction pathways.
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Inflammation and cancer: back to Virchow?
TL;DR: A rationale for the use of cytokine and chemokine blockade, and further investigation of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, in the chemoprevention and treatment of malignant diseases is provided.