Tyrosine kinase gene rearrangements in epithelial malignancies
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TLDR
The clinical outcomes with targeted therapies, aetiologic, pathogenic and clinical features that are associated with cancers harbouring oncogenic fusion kinases, including anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), ROS1 and RET are examined.Abstract:
In this Review, the authors examine the aetiological, pathogenic and clinical features that are associated with cancers harbouring oncogenic fusion kinases, the clinical outcomes with targeted therapies, and strategies to discover additional kinases that are activated by chromosomal rearrangements in solid tumours. Chromosomal rearrangements that lead to oncogenic kinase activation are observed in many epithelial cancers. These cancers express activated fusion kinases that drive the initiation and progression of malignancy, and often have a considerable response to small-molecule kinase inhibitors, which validates these fusion kinases as 'druggable' targets. In this Review, we examine the aetiologic, pathogenic and clinical features that are associated with cancers harbouring oncogenic fusion kinases, including anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), ROS1 and RET. We discuss the clinical outcomes with targeted therapies and explore strategies to discover additional kinases that are activated by chromosomal rearrangements in solid tumours.read more
Citations
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A novel fusion of HNRNPA1–ALK in inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor of urinary bladder
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TL;DR: A 42-year-old Japanese man underwent total cystectomy because of an invasive urinary bladder tumor, which comprised spindle neoplastic cells with intermingled inflammatory cells and a novel transcript fusion of exon 2 of HNRNPA1 and exon 18 of ALK, resulting in ALK protein overexpression.
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Oncogenic Function of a KIF5B-MET Fusion Variant in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
Chien-Hung Gow,Chien-Hung Gow,Chien-Hung Gow,Yi-Nan Liu,Huei-Ying Li,Min-Shu Hsieh,Shih-Han Chang,Sheng-Ching Luo,Tzu-Hsiu Tsai,Pei-Lung Chen,Meng-Feng Tsai,Jin-Yuan Shih +11 more
TL;DR: The KIF5B-MET variant was demonstrated to have an oncogenic function in cancer cells and have immediate clinical implications for the targeted therapy of subgroups of non-small cell lung cancer patients.
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Established, emerging and elusive molecular targets in the treatment of lung cancer
TL;DR: A large and rapidly growing body of literature regarding the discovery and therapeutic inhibition of molecular targets in lung cancer is synthesized.
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TL;DR: It is shown that a small inversion within chromosome 2p results in the formation of a fusion gene comprising portions of the echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4) gene and the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells.
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Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Inhibition in Non–Small-Cell Lung Cancer
Eunice L. Kwak,Yung-Jue Bang,D. Ross Camidge,Alice T. Shaw,Benjamin Solomon,Robert G. Maki,Sai-Hong Ignatius Ou,Bruce J. Dezube,Pasi A. Jänne,Daniel B. Costa,Marileila Varella-Garcia,Woo-Ho Kim,Thomas J. Lynch,Panos Fidias,Hannah Stubbs,Jeffrey A. Engelman,Lecia V. Sequist,Weiwei Tan,Leena Gandhi,Mari Mino-Kenudson,Greg C. Wei,S. Martin Shreeve,Mark J. Ratain,Jeffrey Settleman,James G. Christensen,Daniel A. Haber,Keith D. Wilner,Ravi Salgia,Geoffrey I. Shapiro,Jeffrey W. Clark,A. John Iafrate +30 more
TL;DR: The inhibition of ALK in lung tumors with the ALK rearrangement resulted in tumor shrinkage or stable disease in most patients, and the drug resulted in grade 1 or 2 gastrointestinal side effects.
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Crizotinib versus Chemotherapy in Advanced ALK-Positive Lung Cancer
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TL;DR: Crizotinib is superior to standard chemotherapy in patients with previously treated, advanced non-small-cell lung cancer with ALK rearrangement and greater improvement in global quality of life with crizotinIB than with chemotherapy.
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