Journal ArticleDOI
Ubiquitination of histone H2B regulates H3 methylation and gene silencing in yeast
Zu-Wen Sun,C. David Allis +1 more
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TLDR
It is shown that the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme Rad6 (Ubc2) mediates methylation of histone H3 at lysine 4 (Lys 4) through ubiquitination of H2B at Lys 123 in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) to reveal a pathway leading to gene regulation through concerted histone modifications on distinct histone tails.Abstract:
In eukaryotes, the DNA of the genome is packaged with histone proteins to form nucleosomal filaments, which are, in turn, folded into a series of less well understood chromatin structures. Post-translational modifications of histone tail domains modulate chromatin structure and gene expression. Of these, histone ubiquitination is poorly understood. Here we show that the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme Rad6 (Ubc2) mediates methylation of histone H3 at lysine 4 (Lys 4) through ubiquitination of H2B at Lys 123 in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae). Moreover, H3 (Lys 4) methylation is abolished in the H2B-K123R mutant, whereas H3-K4R retains H2B (Lys 123) ubiquitination. These data indicate a unidirectional regulatory pathway in which ubiquitination of H2B (Lys 123) is a prerequisite for H3 (Lys 4) methylation. We also show that an H2B-K123R mutation perturbs silencing at the telomere, providing functional links between Rad6-mediated H2B (Lys 123) ubiquitination, Set1-mediated H3 (Lys 4) methylation, and transcriptional silencing. Thus, these data reveal a pathway leading to gene regulation through concerted histone modifications on distinct histone tails. We refer to this as 'trans-tail' regulation of histone modification, a stated prediction of the histone code hypothesis.read more
Citations
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Journal ArticleDOI
Chemical and semisynthesis of modified histones.
TL;DR: Some of the recent breakthroughs in these directions in particular the synthesis and semi‐synthesis of modified histones and their use to unravel the mysteries of epigenetics are covered.
Journal ArticleDOI
Histone phosphorylation: how to proceed
Romain Loury,Paolo Sassone-Corsi +1 more
TL;DR: A number of experimental methodologies that are essential for the study of histone phosphorylation are described, important as identification of the signaling transduction routes leading to chromatin remodeling is critical to an understanding of all cellular processes.
Journal ArticleDOI
Trypanosome H2Bv replaces H2B in nucleosomes enriched for H3 K4 and K76 trimethylation.
TL;DR: The data suggest that H3 K4 and K76 methylation in trypanosomes is regulated by a novel mechanism, possibly involving the replacement of H2 B with H2BV in the nucleosome.
Journal ArticleDOI
The Ubiquitin-Proteasome System and Memory: Moving Beyond Protein Degradation.
TL;DR: Comprehensive models of how non-proteolytic functions of the UPS could work in concert to control epigenetic regulation of the cellular memory consolidation process are proposed, which will serve as a framework for future studies examining the role ofThe UPS in memory formation.
Journal ArticleDOI
ZNF198 protein, involved in rearrangement in myeloproliferative disease, forms complexes with the DNA repair-associated HHR6A/6B and RAD18 proteins.
TL;DR: Observations support the idea that ZNF198, through its interaction with HHR6 and RAD18, may be involved in the DNA repair process, as cells expressing the fusion kinase gene show a marked increased sensitivity to UVB irradiation.
References
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Journal ArticleDOI
Translating the Histone Code
Thomas Jenuwein,C. David Allis +1 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that this epigenetic marking system represents a fundamental regulatory mechanism that has an impact on most, if not all, chromatin-templated processes, with far-reaching consequences for cell fate decisions and both normal and pathological development.
Journal ArticleDOI
The language of covalent histone modifications.
Brian D. Strahl,C D Allis +1 more
TL;DR: It is proposed that distinct histone modifications, on one or more tails, act sequentially or in combination to form a ‘histone code’ that is, read by other proteins to bring about distinct downstream events.
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Twenty-Five Years of the Nucleosome, Fundamental Particle of the Eukaryote Chromosome
Roger D. Kornberg,Yahli Lorch +1 more
TL;DR: The chromatin field needs much more information about structure beyond the nucleosome, and there is insufficient evidence that acetylation actually causes chromatin unfolding, and functional analysis in cell-free systems must be extended beyond theucleosome to the chromosomal context.
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Transcription regulation by histone methylation: interplay between different covalent modifications of the core histone tails
Yi Zhang,Danny Reinberg +1 more
TL;DR: This work aims to demonstrate the efforts towards in-situ applicability of EMMARM, which aims to provide real-time information about the “building blocks” of EMT and its role in cancer progression.
Journal ArticleDOI
Histone acetylation and an epigenetic code
TL;DR: Recent evidence raises the interesting possibility that an acetylation-based code may operate through both mitosis and meiosis, providing a possible mechanism for germ-line transmission of epigenetic changes.